从聚合到融合:东周时期内蒙古中南部地区的人群互动  

From Cohabitation to Syncretism:Population Dynamics in Central-Southern Inner Mongolia during the Eastern Zhou Period

作　　者：张旭 Zhang Xu

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院科技考古与文化遗产保护重点实验室,北京102488

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2025年第3期4-21,204,共19页Social Sciences in China

摘　　要：考古学有助于深化中华民族共同体重大基础性问题的研究。内蒙古中南部地区原住民的颅面形态主要为“古华北类型”。自新石器时代以来,“古中原类型”颅面形态的居民陆续从中原地区迁徙至此。春秋晚期,随着中原政权的衰微,以“古蒙古高原类型”颅面形态为主的北方部族从该地区以北的草原地带不断南下,带来畜牧业经济,并促进了该地区人群构成的多元化。为抵御北方部族的侵扰,中原政权开始大规模迁民戍边,“古华北类型”“古中原类型”和“古蒙古高原类型”三类人群短暂共存。战国中晚期,北方部族势力逐渐弱化,中原政权通过政治手段和通婚等方式,推动不同人群间的融合,加速了农牧经济一体化,保障了该地区社会经济的稳定发展。这一考古学发现的研究,为深入阐释中华民族共同体意识提供了一个重要的学术支撑。Archaeology helps to deepen research on major fundamental issues of the community for the Chinese nation.The indigenous populations of central-southern Inner Mongolia primarily exhibited craniofacial features characteristic of the a Ancient North China" type.Beginning in the Neolithic period,individuals of the "Ancient Central Plains" type gradually migrated from the Central Plains into the region.In the late Spring and Autumn period,as the Central Plains regimes weakened,nomadic groups with " Ancient Mongolian Plateau" features advanced southward from the northern steppes,introducing pastoral lifestyles and diversifying the local population structure.To defend against incursions from these northern nomads,Central Plains states organized large-scale frontier settlements as a defensive strategy.This led to a unique period of coexistence among three distinct groups:the native "Ancient North China" type,the Sinicized "Ancient Central Plains" type,and the nomadic "Ancient Mongolian Plateau" type.By the mid-to-late Warring States period,as northern tribal power waned,Central Plains rulers promoted integration through political policies and interethnic marriage,accelerating the fusion of populations and the unification of farming and pastoral economies,thereby fostering stable social and economic development.The study of this archaeological discovery provides an important academic support for an in-depth interpretation of the sense of community for the Chinese nation.

关 键 词：内蒙古中南部 东周时期 人骨考古学 人群融合 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]