集聚外部性改善了行业资源错配吗?——基于中国地级市农产品加工业的证据  

Does Agglomeration Externalities Improve Industrial Resource Misallocation——Evidence from Chinese Agro-processing Industry at Prefecture-level Cities

作　　者：詹宇波 丁玉超 ZHAN Yu-bo;DING Yu-chao(Institute of Economics,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,200020)

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院经济研究所,200020

出　　处：《上海经济研究》2025年第3期43-58,共16页Shanghai Journal of Economics

基　　金：上海市哲社办一般项目(批准号:2021BJB009);上海社会科学院院内招标课题“产业集聚改善了制造业资源错配吗”阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：基于工业企业数据库,本文实证检验了我国地级市层面农产品加工业的集聚外部性对行业资源错配的改善作用及空间溢出效应。研究结果发现:集聚外部性对城市农产品加工业资源错配同时具有改善和加剧作用。竞争外部性不仅对所在城市的资本和劳动错配具有显著的改善效应,而且通过空间溢出效应改善邻近城市行业的资源错配。与之相反,专业化外部性与多样化外部性并未产生改善作用,两种外部性反而加剧所在城市和邻近城市行业的资本和劳动错配;三种集聚外部性对行业资源错配的改善作用及其空间溢出效应存在地区间异质性,东部地区城市中无论是改善作用还是加剧作用均更为显著。更换空间权重矩阵的回归结果证明了研究结论的稳健性。本研究为推动农产品加工业的高质量发展提供一定的参考。Based on the industrial enterprise database,this study empirically examines the impact of agglomeration externalities in the agro-processing industry at the prefecture-level city on improving industry resource misallocation and spatial spillover effects.The study finds that agglomeration externalities simultaneously have both positive and negative effects on the resource misallocation in urban agro-processing industries.Competition externalities not only have a significant improvement effect on capital and labor misallocation in the city but also improve the resource misallocation in neighboring cities through spatial spillover effects.In contrast,specialization and diversification externalities do not lead to improvements but instead exacerbate the capital and labor misallocation in both the city and neighboring cities.There is regional heterogeneity in the improvement effect of the three types of agglomeration externalities on industry resource misallocation and their spatial spillover effects,with both the improvement and exacerbation effects being more significant in eastern region cities.The regression results using alternative spatial weight matrices confirm the robustness of the conclusions.This study provides certain references for promoting the high-quality development of the agro-processing industry.

关 键 词：专业化外部性 多样化外部性 竞争外部性 资源错配 农产品加工业 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]