软土浅埋大直径盾构隧道施工变形响应特征  

Deformation Characteristics Caused by Shallow and Large Diameter Shield Tunnelling in Soft Soil

作　　者：甘彬霖 张冬梅[1,2,3] 申轶尧[2] 黄忠凯 陈兆庚 朱美恒 GAN Bin-lin;ZHANG Dong-mei;SHEN Yi-yao;HUANG Zhong-kai;CHEN Zhao-geng;ZHU Mei-heng(Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Department of Geotechnical Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;College of Civil Engineering and Water Resources,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Project Department of Shanghai Airport Connecting Line,CCCC Tunnel Engineering Bureau Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211106,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学上海自主智能无人系统科学中心,上海200092 [2]同济大学地下建筑与工程系,上海200092 [3]青海大学土木水利学院,西宁810016 [4]中交隧道工程局有限公司上海机场联络线项目部,南京211106

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2025年第10期4284-4291,共8页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3800905);国家自然科学基金(52238010,52108381,52090082);青海省科学技术厅基础研究计划(2023-ZJ-926M)。

摘　　要：施工变形响应规律是保障大直径盾构隧道施工安全的关键基础。尤其是对软土浅埋大直径盾构隧道而言,软土高压缩、低抗剪力学特性和浅埋条件下低覆土压力以及大开挖卸荷效应相互耦合会导致变形响应机制更为复杂。为揭示软土浅埋大直径盾构隧道施工变形响应特征规律,以上海市域机场线联络线浅埋大直径盾构隧道施工为依托,结合现场动态监测分析施工期隧道结构竖向变形、结构收敛变形和地表变形的特征及其影响机理。结果表明:不同变形类型的历时变化节点时间关联密切,结构竖向变形可分为先期上浮、波动上浮、持续上浮、相对稳定4个阶段,结构收敛变形可分为波动收敛、持续收敛和收敛稳定3个阶段,轴线地表竖向变形分为扰动沉降、快速固结沉降和相对稳定3个阶段;隧道结构轴线附加压力不均匀分布导致结构竖向变形差异显著;隧道轴线地表最大竖向变形量会超过预警值,最终沉降变形量约为最大变形量的84.3%;地表沉降槽宽度和最大沉降位置与埋深比密切相关,但埋深比相对较大时,可能会出现“隆脊”分布特征;掘进施工后21~50 d,结构竖向变形、结构收敛变形和地表竖向变形幅值较大,变形趋势相对明确,是提高变形控制与整治效果的关键阶段。研究成果以期为软土地层浅埋大直径盾构隧道施工结构变形控制和环境安全保护提供有效指导。Deformation law is of significant for ensuring the safety of structures and environment during the large diameter shield tunnelling.Particularly for shallow and large diameter shield tunnelling in soft soil,the mutual coupling of high compressibility and low shear strength of soft soil and low overburden load under shallow burial conditions as well as the unloading effect of large excavation will lead to a more complex construction deformation mechanism.Hence,the characteristics of structure vertical deformation,structure convergence deformation and surface deformation caused by shallow and large diameter shield tunnelling in soft soil and their mechanism were studied,based on the dynamic deformation monitoring of a shallow buried large-diameter shield tunnel of Shanghai Suburban Railway Airport Link Line.The results show that the ephemeral demarcation times for different deformation types were closely related.The vertical deformation of the structure can be divided into 4 stages:prior uplift,fluctuating uplift,continuous uplift,and relative stability.The structure convergence deformation can be divided into 3 stages:fluctuating convergence,continuous convergence,and stable convergence.And there are 3 stages,perturbation settlement,rapid consolidation,and relative stability in the vertical deformation of the axial surface.There are significant differences in the vertical structure deformation caused by uneven distribution of additional pressure on the tunnel structure.The maximum vertical surface deformation in the tunnel axis would exceed the warning value and the final settlement deformation would be approximately 84.3%the maximum deformation.The width of the surface sinkhole and location of the maximum settlement are closely related to the depth-to-diameter ratio,but the“swell ridge”distribution would be evident when the depth-to-diameter ratio is relatively large.In about 21~50 d after the excavation construction,the amplitude of structure vertical deformation,structure convergence deformation and surface

关 键 词：大直径盾构 软土地层 结构变形 地表变形 动态监测 

分 类 号：TU454[建筑科学—岩土工程]