外圈故障轴承振动响应定量分析  

Quantitative Analysis of Vibration Response of Bearing with Outer Ring Fault

作　　者：伍强 赵凯 杨丰宇 刘鹏飞 杨凯 张涛涛 WU Qiang;ZHAO Kai;YANG Fengyu;LIU Pengfei;YANG Kai;ZHANG Taotao(AECC Guiyang Institute,Guiyang 550081,China;AECC Guizhou Liyang Aero Engine Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550014,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发贵阳所,贵州贵阳550081 [2]中国航发贵州黎阳航空发动机有限公司,贵州贵阳550014

出　　处：《机械制造与自动化》2025年第2期87-93,共7页Machine Building & Automation

摘　　要：为实现滚动轴承的定量故障诊断,评估缺陷、游隙对轴承振动响应的影响,以6307轴承为分析对象,建立4自由度动力学及缺陷模型,以Matlab-Simulink计算微分方程,分析缺陷尺寸、轴承游隙与轴承振动信号的关系。分析结果表明:对于外圈缺陷轴承,可确定轴旋转频率、特征缺陷频率及其谐波频率下的幅值大小;随着缺陷深度的增大,加速度信号幅值先总体增大,后恒定;随着缺陷宽度的增大,会产生双台阶激励,且离开缺陷的激励比进入缺陷的激励小;游隙的增大会加大轴承的振动响应,且缺陷区域与游隙对振动响应存在耦合关系。这些结果有助于理解滚动轴承在不同故障下的振动响应机制,并对滚动轴承故障进行定量分析。In order to realize the quantitative fault diagnosis of rolling bearings and evaluate the impact of defect and clearances on the vibration response of bearings,a 4-DOF dynamics and defect model was established with 6307 bearings being the analysis object,and the differential equation was calculated by Matlab-Simulink,and the relationship between defect size,bearing clearance and bearing vibration signal was analyzed.The analysis results show that for bearings with outer ring defects,the amplitudes of the shaft rotation frequency,characteristic defect frequency and their harmonic frequencies can be determined.With the increase of defect depth,the amplitude of the acceleration signal increases first and then becomes constant.As the width of the defect increases,double-step excitation will be generated,and the excitation leaving the defect is smaller than the excitation entering the defect.The increase of the clearance will enhance the vibration response of the bearing,and a coupling relationship between the defect area and the clearance on the vibration response comes into being.The above results are condusive for understanding the vibration response mechanism of rolling bearings under different faults and for quantitative analysis of rolling bearing faults.

关 键 词：航空发动机 外圈故障 滚动轴承 振动响应 定量分析 

分 类 号：TP113.1[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程] TH133.3[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]