基于集成式激光位移传感器的轮对尺寸检测方法  

Wheel Set Size Detection Method Based on Integrated Laser Displacement Sensor

作　　者：侯建强 马宏伟 李鸿喜 HOU Jianqiang;MA Hongwei;Li Hongxi(China Energy Railway Equipment Company Limited Suning Branch,Cangzhou 062350,China;Tianjin Hveic Technology Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 301799,China)

机构地区：[1]国能铁路装备有限责任公司肃宁车辆维修分公司,河北沧州062350 [2]天津哈威克科技有限公司,天津301799

出　　处：《机械制造与自动化》2025年第2期299-303,共5页Machine Building & Automation

基　　金：哈尔滨铁路科研项目(GJNY-20-139)。

摘　　要：在轮对尺寸高精度检测过程中,通常需要铁路车辆停靠在一个特定位置进行,但是环境中存在的震动、噪声、光线等因素都可能对测量结果产生干扰,出现检测误差问题。设计一种基于集成式激光位移传感器的轮对尺寸检测方法。利用激光位移传感器获取轮廓特征,基于轮廓数据得到点云数据坐标位置,将其进行转换后得到点云数据,基于点云数据进行数据去噪处理,结合最小二乘拟合法实现对轮对尺寸检测。实验结果表明:所设计系统的最大检测误差仅为0.2 mm,最长检测时间为46 s,说明所提方法的检测精度高、速度快,为铁路车辆的安全和正常运行提供了可靠保证。High-precision detection of wheel set size requires railway vehicles parking at a specific location,where the measurement results may suffer environmental interferences such as vibration,noise and light leading to detection errors.Therefore,a wheel set size detection method based on integrated laser displacement sensors is designed.Laser displacement sensors are applied to obtain contour features,point cloud data coordinate positions are obtained based on contour data,which are transformed to obtain point cloud data.Data denoising is performed based on point cloud data,and the least squares fitting method is combined to detect wheel set size.The experimental results show that the maximum detection error of the designed system is only 0.2 mm,and the maximum detection time 46 s,which indicates that the proposed method has high detection accuracy and fast speed,and is a reliable guarantee for the safety and normal operation of railway vehicles.

关 键 词：轮对尺寸检测 点云数据 激光位移传感器 最小二乘拟合法 轮廓特征 

分 类 号：TP242[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]