中国世界文化遗产的博物馆化展示与阐释——“大博物馆”理念下的考古遗址类世界遗产展示体系探索  

Presentation and Interpretation of Chinese World Cultural Heritage as "Grand Museums":An Exploration of the Presentation System for Archaeological World Heritage Sites

作　　者：付梓杰 王珏 燕海鸣 Fu Zijie;Wang Jue;Yan Haiming(ICOMOS China;Chinese Research Academy of Cultural Heritage)

机构地区：[1]中国古迹遗址保护协会,北京100029 [2]中国文化遗产研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《中国博物馆》2025年第1期21-27,132,共8页Chinese Museum

基　　金：中国博物馆协会“腾博基金”资助项目“世界文化遗产博物馆化展示阐释现状评估”(项目编号:TCMA-2022-2.2-1)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：通过对我国考古遗址类世界遗产及其博物馆的展示阐释现状进行分析,认为其规划编制、本体和环境展示、博物馆建设、解说传播等方面均取得显著成效。但仍面临世界遗产突出普遍价值阐释不够,环境展示深度有限,早期遗产地展示理念与手段滞后等问题。应将世界文化遗产地视作一座“大博物馆”,把世界遗产、考古遗址、博物馆设计与策展等方面有机结合,引入现代博物馆展示理念和技术手段,通过科学合理的规划与设计,展现遗址的突出普遍价值,呈现国家和文明发展的历史叙事,构筑文化教育与人文素养的培育空间。This article analyzes the current state of presentation and interpretation at archaeological World Heritage sites and site museums in China,highlighting significant achievements in site planning,environmental presentation,museum construction,and interpretation and communication.However,several challenges remain,including insufficient articulation of Outstanding Universal Value(OUV),a lack of in-depth presentation of site settings,and outdated theories and methods of interpretation.The study proposes that World Cultural Heritage sites should be conceptualized as"Grand Museums,"integrating principles of World Heritage,archaeology,museum design,and exhibition curation.Furthermore,it advocates for the enhanced presentation of OUV through the adoption of modern museum-related concepts and techniques,supported by scientific planning and design.As the musealization of World Heritage advances in China,it will help construct a historical narrative on the evolution of Chinese civilization and nationhood while fostering spaces for culturaland humanistic education.

关 键 词：世界遗产 考古遗址 博物馆化 展示阐释 

分 类 号：G265[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]