支撑式水田平地机结构设计与试验  

Structural Design and Test of Supported Paddy-field Leveling Machine

作　　者：陈高隆 胡炼[1,2] 汪沛 赵润茂[1,2] 冯达文 田力 黄志铖 陈禹琦 王靖霆 CHEN Gaolong;HU Lian;WANG Pei;ZHAO Runmao;FENG Dawen;TIAN Li;HUANG Zhicheng;CHEN Yuqi;WANG Jingting(College of Engineering,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment Technology,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学工程学院,广州510642 [2]农业装备技术全国重点实验室,广州510642

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2025年第2期252-260,274,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：新一代人工智能国家科技重大专项(2021ZD0110902);国家自然科学基金项目(32071913、32101623)。

摘　　要：水田平整是水稻生产不可或缺的环节。为了改善水田平地机对坑洼硬底层的适应性,进一步提高作业性能,设计了支撑式水田平地机。根据平地铲工作原理,对平地铲高度调节机构进行运动学分析;在此基础上,设计了平地铲及其高度调节机构。设计了支撑杆结构,研究了支撑杆对平地铲运动特性的影响。开展了有/无支撑杆对比试验和水田平整试验。对比试验结果表明,有支撑杆的平地铲在试验全程高度变化幅度减少15%以上,在田面凸起位置高度变化幅度减少30%以上,同时,平地铲高度变化次数减少。表明有支撑杆平地铲更有利于平地铲高度控制,更适用于坑洼硬底层作业。0.21 hm^(2)的水田平整试验结果表明,平整后田面高度标准差S_(d)为21.66 mm,田面高度相对平整基准高度绝对偏差不大于30 mm的测量点占比ρ为86.54%;总面积为1.89 hm^(2)的2块水田平整试验结果表明,平整后Sd分别为26.02 mm和27.43 mm,ρ分别为80.53%和81.03%。全部试验田块经平整后的S_(d)均小于30 mm,且ρ均高于80%,达到了水田平整要求,验证了支撑式水田平地机结构设计有效性,可为坑洼硬底层水田机械化平整提供装备支撑。The leveling of paddy fields is an indispensable part of rice production.Aiming to improve the adaptability of existing leveling machines to the bumpy hard bottom layer of paddy fields and further enhance the operational performance,the supported paddy-field leveling implement was developed.Firstly,according to the working principle of the leveling shovel,the height adjustment mechanism of the leveling shovel was kinematically analyzed.On this basis,the leveling shovel and its height adjustment mechanism were designed.Secondly,the supported rod structure was designed,and the influence of the supported rods on the motion characteristics of the leveling shovel was studied.Finally,a comparison test with/without supported rods and a paddy-field leveling test were carried out.The results of the comparison test showed that the amplitude of height change of the leveling shovel with the supported rods was reduced by more than 15%throughout the test,and reduced by more than 30%in the convex position of the field surface.Meanwhile,the number of height changes of the leveling shovel was reduced.It showed that the leveling shovel with supported rods was more conducive to the height control of leveling shovels and was more suitable for the operation of bumpy hard bottom layer of paddy fields.The leveling test results for 0.21 hm^(2)of paddy field showed that the standard deviation(S_(d))of the topography height was 21.66 mm,and the proportion(ρ)of points (|h_(i)-h|≤30mm,where h_(i) indicated the height of each measuring point,and h indicated the average height of all measuring points.)was 86.54%.The test results for two paddy fields with a total area of 1.89 hm^(2) showed that the standard deviations S_(d) for the two fields were 26.02 mm and 27.43 mm,and the proportions ρ were 80.53% and 81.03%,respectively.After leveling,the standard deviation S_(d) in all test fields was less than 30 mm,and the proportion ρ was higher than 80%,which met the requirements of paddy-field leveling,and verified the structural advantages an

关 键 词：水田平整 平地机 支撑杆 农田地形 

分 类 号：S222.5*1[农业科学—农业机械化工程]