心血管病高危人群颈动脉斑块的相关危险因素  

Risk Factors for Carotid Plaque in High-risk Population of Cardiovascular Disease

作　　者：郑丽樊 蔡金明[1] ZHENG Lifan;CAI Jinming(Department of Cardiology,the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University,Putian 351100,China)

机构地区：[1]莆田学院附属医院心血管内科,福建莆田351100

出　　处：《医学综述》2025年第9期1144-1148,共5页Medical Recapitulate

摘　　要：目的探究莆田市荔城区心血管病高危人群颈动脉斑块的患病率及其相关危险因素。方法选择2022年莆田市荔城区1107名心血管病高危人群为研究对象,基于颈动脉彩色多普勒超检查结果,统计分析颈动脉斑块的患病率,并采用二元Logistic回归分析心血管病高危人群颈动脉斑块的危险因素。结果1107名心血管病高危人群中,颈动脉斑块共389例,患病率为35.1%。颈动脉斑块组男性、吸烟、高血压、糖尿病比例以及收缩压、舒张压、LDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C比值均高于颈动脉无斑块组[48.84%(190/389)比31.48%(226/718)、23.91%(93/389)比14.07%(101/718)、45.76%(178/389)比30.08%(216/718)、28.79%(112/389)比13.51%(97/718)、(140±18)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)比(136±18)mmHg、(82±10)mmHg比(81±10)mmHg、(4.4±1.3)mmol/L比(4.2±1.1)mmol/L、3.3±1.3比3.1±1.2](P<0.05或P<0.01),颈动脉斑块组年龄大于颈动脉无斑块组[(69±5)岁比(63±9)岁](P<0.01)。二元Logistic回归分析显示,男性、高龄、吸烟、高血压、糖尿病、收缩压升高、LDL-C水平升高是心血管病高危人群颈动脉斑块的危险因素(OR=1.806,95%CI 1.289~2.530;OR=1.120,95%CI 1.093~1.148;OR=1.569,95%CI 1.032~2.385;OR=1.460,95%CI 1.075~1.982;OR=1.954,95%CI 1.387~2.755;OR=1.163,95%CI 1.044~1.294;OR=1.629,95%CI 1.374~1.932)(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论在莆田市荔城区心血管病高危人群中,超过1/3合并颈动脉斑块。临床上应针对以上危险因素采取干预措施,降低颈动脉斑块形成风险,进而预防心血管事件。Objective To investigate the prevalence of carotid plaque and related risk factors in high-risk population of cardiovascular disease in Licheng District,Putian City.Methods A total of 1107 people at high risk of cardiovascular disease in Licheng district,Putian city in 2022 were included.Based on the carotid color Doppler ultrasound findings,the prevalence of carotid artery plaque was analyzed,and binary Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the associated risk factors.Results Among the 1107 people at high risk of cardiovascular disease,carotid plaque existed in 389 cases,with the prevalence rate of 35.1%.The proportions of male,smoking,hypertension,and diabetes,as well as systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,LDL-C,LDL-C/HDL-C in the carotid plaque group were higher than those in the carotid plaque-free group[48.84%(190/389)vs 31.48%(226/718),23.91%(93/389)vs 14.07%(101/718),45.76%(178/389)vs 30.08%(216/718),28.79%(112/389)vs 13.51%(97/718),(140±18)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)vs(136±18)mmHg,(82±10)mmHg vs(81±10)mmHg,(4.4±1.3)mmol/L vs(4.2±1.1)mmol/L,3.3±1.3 vs 3.1±1.2](P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the age in the carotid plaque group was higher than that in the carotid plaque-free group[(69±5)years vs(63±9)years](P<0.01).Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that male gender,advanced age,smoking,hypertension,diabetes,elevated systolic blood pressure and increased LDL-C levels,were risk factors for carotid artery plaque(OR=1.806,95%CI 1.289-2.530;OR=1.120,95%CI 1.093-1.148;OR=1.569,95%CI 1.032-2.385;OR=1.460,95%CI 1.075-1.982;OR=1.954,95%CI 1.387-2.755;OR=1.163,95%CI 1.044-1.294;OR=1.629,95%CI 1.374-1.932)(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion In this high-risk population of cardiovascular disease in Licheng district,Putian city,more than one-third had carotid artery plaque.Clinically,targeted interventions should be implemented to address the aforementioned risk factors,thereby reducing the risk of carotid plaque formation and subsequently preventing cardiovascular events.

关 键 词：颈动脉斑块 心血管病 危险因素 

分 类 号：R543.5[医药卫生—心血管疾病]