煤矸石硫酸浸出渣碱浸制水玻璃试验研究  

Experimental study on alkali leaching of coal gangue sulfuric acid leaching residue to produce water glass

作　　者：陆一铭 饶兵[1] 高利坤[1] 陈晓鸣[1] 尹兆波 王蓓琳 LU Yiming;RAO Bin;GAO Likun;CHEN Xiaoming;YIN Zhaobo;WANG Beilin(Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming Yunnan 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《化工矿物与加工》2025年第4期1-8,共8页Industrial Minerals & Processing

基　　金：云南省科技厅科技计划项目(202401AU070146)。

摘　　要：煤矸石是煤炭生产和加工过程中产生的固体废弃物,目前常采用酸浸法处理,而酸浸法回收利用煤矸石中Al_(2)O_(3)时会产生大量的酸浸渣,酸浸渣中SiO_(2)的质量分数接近70%,是优质的水玻璃原料。本文以云南曲靖地区煤矸石硫酸浸出渣为研究对象,首先开展了单因素试验,分析了碱浸浓度、温度、时间、液固比、搅拌速率等关键因素对煤矸石酸浸渣碱浸制取SiO_(2)效果的影响;然后基于正交试验和响应曲面法,建立了试验过程中各影响因素与浸出指标之间的数学模型;通过模型求解,得到了最佳浸出条件:碱浸浓度4.856 mol/L、碱浸时间96 min、碱浸温度67.125℃、碱浸液固比5.416∶1,搅拌速率150 r/min。在最优条件下进行煤矸石酸浸渣碱浸制取SiO_(2)验证试验,得到了SiO_(2)溶解率为61.13%、液体水玻璃模数为2.231的良好指标。研究成果可为同类煤矸石酸浸渣的综合利用提供借鉴。Coal gangue is a solid waste generated during the production and processing of coal.Currently,acid leaching method is commonly used for treatment.However,the acid leaching method generates a large amount of acid leaching residue when recycling Al_(2)O_(3) from coal gangue.The mass fraction of SiO_(2) in the acid leaching residue is close to 70%,making it a high-quality raw material for water glass.In this paper,the sulfuric acid leaching residue of coal gangue in Qujing,Yunnan province as the research object.Firstly,the influence of key factors such as alkaline leaching concentration,temperature,time,liquid-solid ratio and stirring speed on the alkaline leaching effect of SiO_(2) from coal gangue acid leaching residue was analyzed by single factor test.Then,based on orthogonal test and response surface methodology analysis,mathematical models were established between various influencing factors and leaching indicators during the test process.The optimal leaching conditions were obtained through model solving as follows:alkaline leaching concentration of 4.856 mol/L,alkaline leaching time of 96 min,alkaline leaching temperature of 67.125℃,alkaline leaching liquid-solid ratio of 5.416∶1,and stirring rate of 150 r/min.Under optimal conditions,the validation experiment was conducted on the production of SiO_(2) from coal gangue acid leaching residue and alkali leaching,and good indicators were obtained with a SiO_(2) dissolution rate of 61.13%and a liquid water glass modulus of 2.231.The research results can provide reference for the comprehensive utilization of similar coal gangue acid leaching residues.

关 键 词：煤矸石酸浸渣 碱浸 SiO_(2)溶解率 响应曲面法 水玻璃溶液 搅拌速率 正交试验 

分 类 号：X752[环境科学与工程—环境工程]