基于酸浸-层状双氢氧化物沉淀法的含锂黏土矿高效提锂与转化  

Efficient lithium extraction and conversion of lithium containing clay ore based on acid leaching-layered double hydroxide precipitation method

作　　者：曹宇 CAO Yu(Henan No.2 Institute of Geological and Mineral Resources Survey Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou Henan 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省第二地质矿产调查院有限公司,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《化工矿物与加工》2025年第4期9-17,25,共10页Industrial Minerals & Processing

摘　　要：随着新能源行业的快速发展,我国对锂资源的需求持续增长。黏土型锂矿在我国分布广泛,但提取技术尚不成熟。本研究采用焙烧-酸溶液浸出结合锂-铝层状双氢氧化物(Li-Al LDHs)富集的方法从豫北地区含锂黏土矿中提锂,分别考察了焙烧温度、浸出时间、浸出温度、浸出酸浓度、浸出固液比对Li^(+)浸出率的影响,NaOH添加量、Al^(3+)沉淀量、吸附时间、固液比对Li^(+)富集效率的影响,以及解吸时间和焙烧对Li^(+)解吸率的影响,并探讨了解吸液纯化制备高纯Li_(2)CO_(3)的条件,验证了利用制备的Li_(2)CO_(3)合成LiFePO_(4)的可行性。结果表明:经过条件优化,Li^(+)浸出率达89.37%,富集效率达93.26%,解吸率达89.13%,制备的碳酸锂质量分数达99.61%。With the rapid development of the new energy industry,China’s demand for lithium resources is rising.Clay-type lithium ore is widely distributed in China,but the extraction technology is not yet mature.The study used a method of roasting-acid solution leaching combined with lithium-aluminum layered double hydroxides(Li-Al LDHs)enrichment to extract lithium from lithium bearing clay ores in northern Henan.The effects of roasting temperature,leaching time,leaching temperature,leaching acid concentration and leaching solid-liquid ratio on the leaching rate of lithium ions,the effects of NaOH addition amount,Al^(3+)precipitation amount,adsorption time and solid-liquid ratio on the enrichment efficiency of Li^(+),and the effects of desorption time and roasting on the desorption rate were separately investigated.The conditions for preparing high-purity Li_(2)CO_(3)by liquid absorption purification were explored,and the feasibility of synthesizing LiFePO_(4)using the prepared Li_(2)CO_(3)was verified.The results show that after optimizing the conditions,the leaching rate of Li^(+)can reach 89.37%,the enrichment rate can reach 93.26%,the desorption rate can reach 89.13%,and the mass fraction of prepared lithium carbonate can reach 99.61%.

关 键 词：含锂黏土矿 锂-铝层状双氢氧化物 提锂 富集 碳酸锂 焙烧 浸出 解吸 

分 类 号：TD865[矿业工程—金属矿开采] P618.71[矿业工程—矿山开采]