灌丛化对草地土壤水文过程影响的研究进展  

Impact of shrub encroachment on soil hydrological processes in grassland

作　　者：马学喜 高英志 MA Xue-xi;GAO Ying-zhi(College of Grassland Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology of Western Arid Desert Area of the Ministry of Education,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia,Urumqi 830011,China;Institute of Grassland Science,Northeast Normal University,Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration,Changchun 130024,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业学院,西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]中国科学院中亚生态与环境研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [4]东北师范大学草地科学研究所,植被生态科学教育部重点实验室,国家环境保护湿地生态与植被恢复重点实验室,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《草业学报》2025年第4期212-222,共11页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：新疆第三次科学考察计划(2021xjkk0603);新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新项目(2023E01008);新疆农业大学研究生校级科研创新计划(XJAUGRI2024001)资助。

摘　　要：草原灌丛化在全球干旱和半干旱地区广泛发生,逐渐成为生态学研究的焦点。本研究从灌丛化全球分布现状,灌丛化对降水、草地土壤水分、入渗、地表径流、蒸散发影响等方面综述了灌丛化对草地土壤水文过程影响的研究进展。灌丛化广泛发生在全球不同类型的生态系统中,且受到降水的显著影响。在干旱区增加降水抑制灌丛化发生,湿润区降水增加则促进灌丛化发生。灌丛化可以增加草地土壤水分入渗、减少地表径流量,改变草地生态系统蒸散发组分,降低水土流失的风险。未来应结合新技术和新方法,聚焦降水格局对灌丛化草地生态系统水文过程影响机理等方面的研究。本研究旨在为灌丛化草原科学合理管理提供理论支撑,以更好提升草原生态系统整体服务功能。Shrub encroachment in grasslands has become a worldwide phenomenon in arid and semi-arid regions,and is currently a popular topic in ecological research.In this paper,we review the current ecological literature to explore the impact of shrub encroachment on soil hydrological processes in grasslands,specifically examining the global distribution of shrub encroachment and its effects on precipitation,soil moisture,infiltration,surface runoff,and evapotranspiration.Shrub encroachment occurs widely across various ecosystems and is significantly influenced by rainfall.Increased rainfall in arid areas generally inhibits shrub encroachment,whereas increased rainfall in humid areas promotes it.Shrub encroachment can enhance soil water infiltration,reduce surface runoff,alter evapotranspiration components,and decrease soil erosion in grassland ecosystems.Further research integrating new technologies and methods should explore the mechanisms by which rainfall patterns affect the hydrological processes of shrub encroachment in grassland ecosystems.Such work would provide a scientific basis for the effective management of shrub encroachment in grasslands,facilitating improvements in the overall functionality of grassland ecosystems.

关 键 词：灌丛化 草地生态系统 全球分布 降水 径流 水文过程 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]