PEM燃料电池挡板型流道内扩散层表面结构对液滴流动特性的影响规律  

Influence of the diffusion layer surface structure on droplet flow characteristics in the PEMFC with a baffle flow channel

作　　者：宋娇娇 王晗 张晓剑 杨若曦 曹博 王誉霖 张剑波[2] SONG Jiaojiao;WANG Han;ZHANG Xiaojian;YANG Ruoxi;CAO Bo;WANG Yulin;ZHANG Jianbo(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology,Tianjin University of Commerce,Tianjin 300134,China;State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Green Vehicle and Mobility,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Bohai New Energy(Hefei)Co.,Ltd,Hefei 230000,China)

机构地区：[1]天津商业大学制冷技术重点实验室,天津300134 [2]清华大学,智能绿色车辆与交通全国重点实验室,北京100084 [3]博海新能源(合肥)有限公司,合肥230000

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2025年第2期260-267,共8页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFE0207600);天津市杰出青年基金项目(23ICIOIC00290);京津冀基础研究合作项目(24JCZXJC00280);清华大学智能绿色车辆与交通全国重点实验室开放基金资助项目(KFY2403)。

摘　　要：为了改善质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)内液态水的传输特性,采用白光干涉法和座滴法获得了气体扩散层(GDL)表面结构特性,并采用流体体积(VOF)法探究了挡板型流道内扩散层表面结构对液滴流动特性的影响规律。结果表明:无论是否考虑GDL表面结构,随着GDL内聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)含量的增加,表面疏水性均显著增强,使得液滴在挡板型流道内的流出时间缩短,液滴的铺展面积减小,流道内压降也相应减小;与光滑GDL表面相比,实际粗糙GDL表面的不规则结构和孔隙特性显著增强了液滴的附着力,导致液滴在粗糙表面上的流动时间延长,铺展面积增大,流道内压降增加;当PTFE质量百分数含量为40%时,实际粗糙GDL表面液滴流出时间缩短了28.57%,流道内压降减少了16.32%,液滴的铺展面积呈减小趋势。In order to improve the transport characteristics of liquid water inside a proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC),the surface structure characteristics of the gas diffusion layer(GDL)were obtained by white light interferometry and the seated drop method,and the influence of the surface structure of the diffusion layer inside the baffle-type flow channel on the flow characteristics of the droplets was investigated by the volume-of-fluid (VOF) method. The results show that, regardless of whether the surface structure of GDL is considered or not, the hydrophobicity of the surface is significantly enhanced with the increase of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) content in GDL, which leads to the shortening of the outflow time of droplets in the baffle-type runner, the reduction of the spreading area of the droplets, and the corresponding reduction of the pressure drop in the runner. And compared with the smooth GDL surface, the irregular structure and pore characteristics of the actual rough GDL surface significantly enhance the droplet adhesion, resulting in a longer flow time of the droplets on the rough surface, the spreading area increasing, and the pressure drop in the flow channel increasing. When the PTFE mass percentage content is 40%, the droplet flow time on the actual rough GDL surface is shortened by 28.57%, the pressure drop in the flow channel is reduced by 16.32%, and the spreading area of the droplets showes a tendency to decrease.

关 键 词：质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC) 扩散层表面结构 挡板流道 液滴流动特性 

分 类 号：TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]