融合区块链技术的隐私保护车联网数据共享方案  

Blockchain-based privacy-preserving internet of vehicles data sharing scheme

作　　者：尚凤军[1] 邓鑫鑫 SHANG Fengjun;DENG Xinxin(School of Computer Science and Technology,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,P.R.China;School of Information and Intelligent Manufacturing,Chongqing City Vocational College,Chongqing 402160,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]重庆邮电大学计算机科学与技术学院,重庆400065 [2]重庆城市职业学院信息与智能制造学院,重庆402160

出　　处：《重庆邮电大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期155-164,共10页Journal of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金项目(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1130);重庆市社会科学规划(网信)项目(2024WX06)。

摘　　要：车联网(internet ofvehicles,IoV)不断产生车辆行驶性能数据、信息传递数据等,车辆间通过共享这些数据可以改善驾驶安全性和实现优质的智慧交通系统服务质量。但车联网数据共享面临许多挑战,如数据篡改、中心故障和隐私保护等。针对车联网数据共享安全性问题,提出了一种基于区块链的车联网隐私保护数据共享方案。引入了加权阈值秘密共享方法,为车辆成员的属性赋值。基于非交互式零知识证明技术,设计了一种使用属性值的轻量级身份证明协议,该协议可以预先验证数据访问者的身份,防止未经授权的访问,保护车辆成员的隐私。利用分布式的星际文件系统(inter planetary file system,IPFS)来存储加密的共享资源,提出只在区块链上的记录存储地址,从而减轻区块链的存储负担。实验结果表明,该方案有效解决了现有方案在身份认证、隐私保护、权限灵活组合等方面的不足,表现出良好的性能和较强的可行性。The internet of vehicles(IoV)continuously generates various types of data,including vehicle performance and information transmission data.Sharing these data among vehicles can enhance driving safety and improve the quality of intelligent transportation services.However,IoV data sharing faces numerous challenges,such as data tampering,central system failures,and privacy protection.To address these security concerns,this paper proposes a blockchain-based privacy-preserving data sharing scheme for IoV.A weighted threshold secret-sharing method is introduced to assign attribute values to vehicle members.Based on non-interactive zero-knowledge proof technology,a lightweight identity authentication protocol using attribute values is designed.This protocol pre-validates the identity of data requesters,preventing unauthorized access and safeguarding the privacy of vehicle members.Encrypted shared resources are stored using the distributed inter planetary file system(IPFS),with only storage addresses recorded on the blockchain,thereby reducing blockchain storage overhead.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme effectively addresses the limitations of existing solutions in terms of authentication,privacy protection,and flexible access control.It exhibits excellent performance and strong feasibility.

关 键 词：区块链 车联网数据共享 基于属性的加密 零知识证明 

分 类 号：TN929[电子电信—通信与信息系统]