杜甫组诗的题材类别及其构建方式  

On the Thematic Categories and Construction Methods of Du Fu’s Group Poems

作　　者：吴淑玲[1] 韩成武[1] WU Shuling;HAN Chengwu(College of Literature,Hebei University,Baoding Hebei 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学文学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《南都学坛》2025年第3期64-75,共12页Academic Forum of Nandu:Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Nanyang Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“诗体学视野下的杜诗研究”(项目编号:18FZW068)。

摘　　要：“组诗”用“组”命名,指向连类,故杜甫组诗实际数量比其自命名组诗数量多。其组诗的题材类别及其构建方式大体可归纳为八类:游赏组诗多呈散絮状结构,字里行间洋溢着对自然草木的深切关怀;纪实性组诗多呈放射性结构,反映生活的多面性和深刻性;纪行组诗多呈直线性结构,呈现纪行游踪和展现生活的平面化;回忆性组诗多呈铺叙对比结构,意在深化痛伤大唐的主题;咏史组诗多呈古今勾连结构,于古事古迹中内涵寓今之意;政论性组诗构建方式是罗列其事,直言论之,是诗人讽谏情怀的传达;咏怀性组诗多呈藤萝式结构,以深化诗人的忧世嗟生情怀;文论组诗多呈摘星式结构,是诗人选择代表性观点发表对文学史问题的真知灼见。这些构建方式为杜诗更好地传情达意作出了贡献。The term“group poem”refers to a collection of related poems,and in view of this,Du Fu’s actual number of group poems exceeds the number he personally identified.The thematic categories and construction methods of Du Fu’s group poems can be broadly categorized into eight types as follows.1)Travel and Appreciation Group Poems:These often adopt a scattered structure,conveying the poet’s deep concern for nature and vegetation.2)Documentary Group Poems:These frequently employ a radial structure,reflecting the multifaceted and profound aspects of life.3)Travelogue Poems:These follow a linear structure,aiming to present the journeys and experiences in a simplified,straightforward manner.4)Reminiscence Group Poems:These typically utilize a detailed narration and contrast structure,deepening the theme of mourning for the Tang Dynasty by juxtaposing its flourishing past with its current decline.5)Historical Group Poems:These often adopt a structure that connects the ancient with the present,using ancient events and sites to convey contemporary meanings.6)Political Commentary Group Poems:These poems are structured by enumerating facts and directly stating opinions,expressing the poet’s satirical and admonitory sentiments.7)Lyric Group Poems:These typically exhibit a vine-like structure,with intricate branches rooted in a single theme,intended to deepen the poet’s concerns about the world and his lamentations about humanity.8)Literary Commentary Group Poems:These often follow a“star-picking”structure,where the poet selects representative literary views to offer insights into literary history.These construction methods play a significant role in the effective expression of emotions and ideas in Du Fu’s poetry.

关 键 词：组诗 连类 题材类别 构建方式 

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