添加复合微生物堆肥腐熟剂对青藏高原高海拔地区鸡粪发酵的影响  

Effect of Adding Composite Microbial Compost Maturation Agents on the Fermentation of Chicken Manure in the High Altitude Region of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

作　　者：高伟智 张海燕[1] 王旭 姚新华 张宏林 GAO Weizhi;ZHANG Haiyan;WANG Xu;YAO Xinhua;ZHANG Honglin(College of Life Sciences,Henan University,Kaifeng Henan 475004;Xizang Hongnong Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.,Lhoka Xizang 856000;Nyingchi City Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center,Nyingchi Xizang 860100,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学生命科学学院,河南开封475004 [2]西藏宏农农业发展有限公司,西藏山南856000 [3]西藏自治区林芝市农牧技术推广中心,西藏林芝860100

出　　处：《西藏农业科技》2025年第1期53-57,共5页Tibet Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：西藏自治区科技计划项目-自治区区域科技协同创新专项子课题:山南市高海拔地区生物有机肥制作及应用(QYX-TCXZX-SNS-2022-1)。

摘　　要：探讨添加复合微生物堆肥腐熟剂对青藏高原地区鸡粪发酵的影响。结果显示,添加微生物菌剂的处理组在发酵过程中提高了堆肥发酵温度,加快了有机物降解速度,在发酵72h内,添加菌剂的处理组温度均能迅速升高至50℃左右,在发酵11d左右,又出现一个温度为(45-50)℃的高峰,之后温度逐渐下降。堆肥发酵后,这些处理组的氧气质量分数和速效磷、速效钾含量均有所增加。WT3处理组速效磷含量从980.9mg/kg增加至1260.1mg/kg,比不加菌剂的CK1和纯鸡粪对照组CK2分别提高了7.9%和12.8%。速效钾含量也有所提高,WT3组比CK1和CK2分别提高了6%和15.2%。其中,WT3处理组速效磷含量增加最为显著,比CK1和CK2对照组分别提高了7.9%和12.8%;速效钾含量也分别提高了6%和15.2%。种子发芽实验表明,施加菌剂处理组的堆肥对种子萌发具有良好的促进作用,发芽率均达到90%以上,而CK2组仅为55%,处理组显著高于对照组。自制菌剂与市售菌剂效果相似,均能加速堆肥发酵进程,提高堆肥品质。The study aims to investigate the effects of adding a composite microbial compost maturation agent on the fermentation of chicken manure in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau region.The results showed that the addition of microbial agents increased the fermentation temperature and accelerated the degradation rate of organic matter during the composting process.Within 72 h of fermentation,the temperature of the treatment groups with microbial agents could rapidly rise to around 50℃.After about 11 days of fermentation,another peak of temperature between(45-50)℃ was observed,followed by a gradual decrease in temperature.After composting,the oxygen content and the content of available phosphorus and potassium in these treatment groups increased.The available phosphorus content in the WT3 treatment group increased from 980.9 mg/kg to 1260.1 mg/kg,which was 7.9%and 12.8%higher than the control groups CK1 and CK2 without microbial agents,respectively.The available potassium content with WT3 group also increased by 6%and 15.2%,compared with CK1 and CK2,respectively.Among them,the available phosphorus content in WT3 treatment group increased by 7.9%and 12.8%compared with the CK1 and CK2 control groups,respectively,and the available potassium content also increased by 6%and 15.2%,respectively.Seed germination experiments indicated that the compost from the microbial agent treatment groups had a good promoting effect on seed germination,and the germination rate was more than 90%,while that in CK2 group was only 55%,which was significantly higher than that in the control group.In conclusion,the homemade microbial agents and commercial microbial agents had similar effects,both of which can accelerate the composting process and improve the quality of the compost.

关 键 词：微生物堆肥腐熟剂 鸡粪发酵 青藏高原 有机肥料 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学]