河西走廊日光温室番茄东西向大垄双行宜机化栽培模式研究  

Research on mechanized cultivation mode of east-west double rows of large ridges for tomato in solar greenhouse of Hexi Corridor

作　　者：陈婷 任成梁 张国龙 李泽山 院海英 常涛[2] 康恩祥[2] 张玉鑫[2] CHEN Ting;REN Chengliang;ZHANG Guolong;LI Zeshan;YUAN Haiying;CHANG Tao;KANG Enxiang;ZHANG Yuxin(Wuwei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuwei 733000,Gansu,China;Vegetable Research Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]武威市农业科学研究院,甘肃武威733000 [2]甘肃省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2025年第4期160-165,共6页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：武威市重点研发计划(WW23A01YFN012);甘肃省科技计划乡村振兴专项(25CXNH013);甘肃省现代农业科技体系区域创新重点项目(2023GAAS08);甘肃省第二批陇原英才(WWS2023001)。

摘　　要：为探究河西走廊日光温室番茄东西垄向宜机化栽培模式最佳株、行距配置,在番茄群体密度相同的前提下,以本地南北向常规栽培模式为对照(CK,大行距80 cm),设东西向T1(大行距120 cm)、T2(大行距140 cm)和T3(大行距160 cm)3个试验处理,研究东西向和南北向不同栽培模式对番茄生长特性、光合参数及产量和品质的影响。结果表明,在保持番茄群体密度不变的情况下,与CK相比,东西向栽培模式随着行距的增大,番茄光环境明显提升,番茄品质得到显著改善;但行距过大,会造成番茄植株明显徒长(T3株高较CK显著增加9.26%,茎粗较CK显著减少22.14%);T1和T2处理的产量较CK分别增加9.59%和12.32%,而T3处理的产量较CK显著降低20.57%。此外,东西向栽培模式提高了果实可溶性糖含量,降低了总酸含量。其中T2处理的可溶性糖含量较CK显著提高1.05百分点,总酸含量降低0.06百分点,其产量达到最高7857.98 kg·667 m^(-2)。由此得出,番茄植株大行距140 cm、小行距40 cm、株距30 cm为河西走廊日光温室番茄东西向宜机化栽培模式的最佳配置。A greenhouse study was conducted to explore the optimal plant and row spacing configuration of the east-west ridge mechanized cultivation mode of tomato in solar greenhouses in the Hexi Corridor.In this study,under the premise of the same tomato population density,three experimental treatments were set up in the east-west direction T1(with a large row spacing of 120 cm),T2(with a large row spacing of 140 cm),and T3(with a large row spacing of 160 cm),the local north-south conventional cultivation mode was used as the control(with a large row spacing of 80 cm),to investigate the effects of different cultivation modes in the east-west and north-south directions on tomato growth characteristics,illumination,photosynthesis,yield,and quality.The results showed that the east-west cultivation mode significantly improved the tomato light environment and tomato quality with increasing row spacing compared with CK,while maintaining the same population density of tomato.However,the row spacing was too large,leading to significant overgrowth of tomato plants(T3 plant height significantly increased by 9.26%compared to CK,stem thickness significantly decreased by 22.14%compared to CK).The yield of T1 and T2 increased by 9.59%and 12.32%,respectively,compared to CK,while the yield of T3 significantly decreased by as much as 20.57%compared to CK.In addition,the east-west cultivation pattern increased the soluble sugar content and decreased the total acid content.The T2 treatment significantly increased soluble sugar content by 1.05 percent points and decreased total acid content by 0.06 percent points compared with CK,and its yield reached a maximum of 7857.98 kg·667 m^(-2).These findings suggested that the tomato plants with large row spacing of 140 cm,small row spacing of 40 cm,and plant spacing of 30 cm were the optimal configurations for the east-west mechanization of tomato cultivation mode in the solar greenhouse in the west corridor of the Hexi Corridor.

关 键 词：日光温室 番茄 东西垄向 生长 品质 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]