7种生物源杀虫剂对烟粉虱杀虫活性评价与解毒酶响应机制研究  

Evaluation of insecticidal activity and detoxification enzyme response mechanism of seven biopesticides against Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)

作　　者：黄洁珧 黄伟康 秦双[2] 贾静静 冯青 吉训聪 HUANG Jieyao;HUANGWeikang;QIN Shuang;JIA Jingjing;FENG Qing;JI Xuncong(College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,Hainan,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Research Center for Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products and Standards,Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences)/Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pest and Disease Control,Haikou 571100,Hainan,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带农林学院,海口570228 [2]海南省农业科学院植物保护研究所(海南省农业科学院农产品质量安全与标准研究中心)·海南省植物病虫害防控重点实验室,海口571100

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2025年第4期166-173,共8页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ2021007);海南省农业科学院科研创新团队项目(HAAS2023TDYD11);海南省财政科技计划资助项目(FW20230002)。

摘　　要：为筛选防治烟粉虱的高效生物农药,评估了7种生物源农药的室内毒力与田间防效,并探究其对烟粉虱解毒酶系统的影响。采用琼脂浸叶法测定7种生物源农药对烟粉虱成虫的室内毒力,并在海南澄迈县烟粉虱发生严重的大棚内开展田间防效试验。根据田间防效,选取0.3%印楝素可溶液剂、5%D-柠檬烯可溶液剂LC50剂量处理测定羧酸酯酶(CarE)、谷胱甘肽S转移酶(GSTs)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)和细胞色素P450(CYP450)酶活性。室内毒力测定结果表明,0.5%苦参碱水剂(LC50=12.482 mg·L^(-1))对成虫毒力最高,8000 IU·μL^(-1)苏云金杆菌悬浮剂毒力最低。田间试验表明,药后3 d,0.3%印楝素可溶液剂防效最佳(60.07%),显著优于其他药剂;至药后7 d,所有药剂防效均有所上升,其中5%D-柠檬烯可溶液剂防治效果最好(78.68%),苏云金杆菌始终防效最差,与室内结果一致。酶活性测定结果表明,0.3%印楝素可溶液剂处理显著降低GSTs活性,降幅达到11.76%;5%D-柠檬烯可溶液剂处理显著升高GSTs活性,增幅达到52.33%。基因表达分析显示,5%D-柠檬烯处理显著下调CarE和CYP450基因的表达,0.3%印楝素处理上调AChE和GSTs基因的表达,但CYP450基因的表达显著下调。综上,生物源农药0.3%印楝素可溶液剂、5%D-柠檬烯可溶液剂具有良好的田间防治效果,其中0.3%印楝素通过抑制GSTs活性干扰代谢解毒,5%D-柠檬烯则可能由多靶点调控害虫抗药性。研究结果为海南澄迈地区烟粉虱绿色防控提供了科学依据。To screen high-efficiency bio-pesticides for controlling Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius),this study evaluated the indoor toxicity and field efficacy of seven bio-source pesticides and explored their effects on the detoxification enzyme system of B.tabaci.The agar leaf-dip method was employed to determine the indoor toxicity of seven bio-source pesticides against adult B.tabaci,and field efficacy trials were conducted in severely infested greenhouses in Chengmai county,Hainan province.Based on field efficacy results,0.3%azadirachtin solution and 5%D-limonene solution at LC_(50) doses were selected to measure the activities of carboxylesterase(CarE),glutathione S-transferase(GSTs),acetylcholinesterase(AChE),and cytochrome P450(CYP450).The indoor toxicity assays revealed that 0.5%matrine aqueous solution(LC_(50)=12.482 mg·L^(-1))exhibited the highest toxicity to adults,while 8000 IU·μL^(-1) Bacillus thuringiensis suspension showed the lowest toxicity.Field trials demonstrated that 0.3%azadirachtin solution achieved the highest control efficacy(60.07%)at 3 days post-application,significantly outperforming other treatments.By 7 d,the efficacy of all pesticides increased,with 5%D-limonene solution showing optimal performance(78.68%),whereas B.thuringiensis always showed the worst efficacy,consistent with indoor results.Enzyme activity assays revealed that azadirachtin significantly suppressed GSTs activity,resulting in an 11.76%decrease,whereas D-limonene markedly induced GSTs activity,with a 52.33%increase.Gene expression analysis revealed that D-limonene significantly down-regulated CarE and CYP450 genes,whereas azadirachtin up-regulated AChE and GSTs genes,but suppressed CYP450 gene expression.In conclusion,the biopesticides 0.3%azadirachtin solution and 5%D-limonene solution exhibited good field control effects.Among them,0.3%azadirachtin disrupts metabolic detoxification by inhibiting GSTs activity,while D-limonene may control pest resistance through multi-target regulation.These findings provide a scientific basis f

关 键 词：烟粉虱 生物源农药 毒力测定 田间防效 解毒酶 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学] S433[农业科学—园艺学]