单点系泊浮式风机试验研究  

Experimental Investigation on Single-point Moored Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

作　　者：尹梓炜 陈嘉豪 郑灿 马兆荣 范少涛 Yin Ziwei;Chen Jiahao;Zheng Can;Ma Zhaorong;Fan Shaotao(Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,China Energy Engineering Group,Guangzhou 510663,China;School of Ocean Engineering and Technology,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China)

机构地区：[1]中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司,广州510663 [2]中山大学海洋工程与技术学院,珠海519082

出　　处：《特种结构》2025年第2期7-15,共9页Special Structures

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2024A1515012392,2023A1515240042);三亚崖州湾科技管理局重大研发项目(SKJC-2020-01-005);国家自然科学基金(52401355);中央高校基本科研业务费(24qnpy034)。

摘　　要：单点系泊技术和浮式风机相结合,可以取消传统的风机机舱偏航系统,实现平台被动回转对风,为漂浮式风机降本增效提供一条创新的技术路径。然而,其风标效应存在复杂的力学作用机理,难以通过数值手段实现准确地预报。本文探索单点系泊浮式风机缩尺模型试验方法,设计并开展了1:50的外转塔式单点系泊浮式风机缩尺模型试验。试验研究结果表明,单点系泊浮式风机具有被动对风、对浪特性,回转速度呈现先增加后降低的过程,平均回转速度约在26°/min,在风波异向工况下,不能完全实现对风,回转角度具体取决于风向、浪向和其他环境荷载组合,并且由于艏摇回转的恢复刚度几乎不存在,极容易受到陀螺力矩、转子质量不均匀性、风场空间均匀性和试验线缆牵引力等的影响。The combination of single-point mooring technology with floating offshore wind turbines eliminates the need for a traditional yaw system in the wind turbine nacelle,enabling the platform to passively rotate and align with the wind.This provides an innovative approach to reducing cost and enhancing efficieney in floating offshore wind turbines.However,the weathervane effect involves complex mechanical interactions that are difficult to accurately predict using numerical methods.This paper explores the scaled model testing methodology for single-point moored floating wind turbines and conducted a 1:50 scale model test of an external turret-type single-point moored floating wind turbine.The test results indicate that the single-point moored floating wind turbine exhibits passive alignment with both wind and waves,with a rotational speed that initially increases and then decreases,averaging around 2~6°/min.Under misaligned wind and wave conditions,full wind alignment cannot be achieved,and the yaw angle depends on the wind direction,wave direction,and other environmental load combinations.Additionally,due to the absence of restoring stiffness in the initial yaw rotation,the system is highly susceptible to influences such as gyroscopic moments,rotor mass imbalance,wind field uniformity,and test cable tension.

关 键 词：海上浮式风机 单点系泊 风标效应 模型试验 

分 类 号：TU391[建筑科学—结构工程]