典型草原两种菊科植物生长对道路建设的响应  

Response of growth of two Compositae species to road construction in typical steppe

作　　者：王星奇 赵欣周 GULRAIZ Ahmad 张育文 李佳欣 BHARELDIN Adam MERGA Daba Tuli 侯扶江[1] WANG Xingqi;ZHAO Xinzhou;GULRAIZ Ahmad;ZHANG Yuwen;LI Jiaxin;BHARELDIN Adam;MERGA Daba Tuli;HOU Fujiang(State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems,College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Restoration and Utilization of Degraded Grassland in Northwest China,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室,国家林业草原局西北退化草原生态修复与利用工程技术研究中心,农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室,兰州730020

出　　处：《生态学报》2025年第7期3302-3315,共14页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：科技部国家科技援助项目(KY202002011);教育部创新团队发展计划项目(IRT_17R50);国家自然科学基金项目(32161143028)。

摘　　要：近几十年来,由于道路网络的扩张和城市化的蓬勃发展,道路建设对典型草原的影响引起了广泛的关注。然而,道路类型和距离对植物种群生长的综合影响仍然知之甚少。因此,以陇东黄土高原微温微干典型草原为研究对象,探讨了道路建设(道路类型、距离)对菊科优势种茵陈蒿(Artemisia capillaris)和伴生种阿尔泰狗娃花(Aster altaicus)生长繁殖影响的驱动因素及其作用机制。结果表明,道路建设促进茵陈蒿的横向生长和无性繁殖,促进阿尔泰狗娃花的垂直生长和有性繁殖。阿尔泰狗娃花具有更强的更新潜力。普通公路茵陈蒿和阿尔泰狗娃花的地上生物量分别比其它两种道路平均高49%和27%,因此其对普通公路建设的响应更加敏感。此外,道路建设主要通过影响土壤进一步影响两个种群的地上生物量在群落中的占比。阿尔泰狗娃花的地上生物量及其在群落中的占比在距离20—35 m的范围存在明显阈值。因此需要注意将此范围内的植被保护和恢复措施与道路管理动态结合,影响植物生长繁殖,调控群落构建过程,以应对道路建设对种群和群落关系扰动的巨大挑战。The impact of road construction on typical steppes has garnered extensive attention in recent decades,due to the expansion of road networks and rapid urbanization.Yet,the specific effects of road class and distance on plant population growth remain unclear.Consequently,our study focused on the typical steppe of the Loess Plateau in eastern Gansu Province,examining the factors and mechanisms by which road construction(including road class and distance)influences the growth and reproduction of the dominant species Artemisia capillaris and the associated species Aster altaicus.Our findings indicate that road construction stimulates both the lateral growth and asexual reproduction in Artemisia capillaris,and the vertical growth and sexual reproduction in Aster altaicus.Further,Aster altaicus has a higher renewal potential.These two species exhibit higher aboveground biomass on highways compared to other road types(such as railways and expressways),which makes them more susceptible to the impacts of road construction.In addition,road construction has a significant impact on the proportion of aboveground biomass in the community by influencing the soil.There is a clear threshold for aboveground biomass and its proportion in the Aster altaicus at a distance of 20—35 m.Thus,it is imperative to integrate vegetation protection and restoration efforts within this range with adaptive road management to mitigate the effects on plant growth and reproduction and to guide the community assembly process,addressing the significant challenges posed by road construction to population and community dynamics.

关 键 词：道路建设 道路生态 地上生物量 生长权衡 繁殖策略 种间关系 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]