面向地理实体数据的多维组织方法和分布式异构数据库存储  

Multidimensional organization method for geo-entity data and distributed heterogeneous database storage

作　　者：张政[1,2] 张江水 曹一冰[1] 陈敏颉[1] 崔鹏雨 ZHANG Zheng;ZHANG Jiangshui;CAO Yibing;CHEN Minjie;CUI Pengyu(Institute of Geographic Space Information,Information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]信息工程大学地理空间信息学院,郑州450001 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《时空信息学报》2025年第1期40-51,共12页JOURNAL OF SPATIO-TEMPORAL INFORMATION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB0502300,2021YFB3900900);河南省自然科学基金项目(242300420624)。

摘　　要：在新型基础测绘和实景三维中国建设的推动下,地理实体已成为近年来的研究热点。针对地理实体缺乏有效的数据组织方式的问题,本文根据地理实体数据结构的特点,提出一种嵌套、层次、网状和线性的地理实体数据多维组织方法;针对单一结构化查询语言(structured query language,SQL)数据库难以满足地理实体数据存储管理的问题,综合关系型、文件型、图型、列式数据库各自优势,提出分布式异构数据库混搭架构;为验证方法的可行性,设计四组功能实验。结果表明:①本文方法能够实现不同时空域、实体类、关系类和生命周期地理实体数据的存储、组织与显示控制。②相较于传统组织方法,本文数据组织方法更好地保持了地理实体的语义完整性,实现了不同尺度、时空和类型地理实体数据的灵活组织与控制;相较于传统存储方法,本文混搭架构扩展了对不同类型地理实体数据的管理能力,实现了以地理实体为核心的多源异构数据一体化融合汇聚和存储管理。[Objective]Geo-entities refer to natural features,artificial facilities,and geographic units that occupy a certain spatial range,and have similar attributes,or complete functions in the objective real world.With the promotion of new fundamental surveying and mapping and the construction of China’s National 3D Mapping Program(3DRGLM),geo-entities have become a research hotspot in recent years.However,several problems in the study of geo-entities remain unresolved:(1)The lack of effective logical organization methods for geo-entity data,resulting in low efficiency in retrieving and applying geo-entity data;(2)The SQL database alone is inadequate for storing and managing geo-entity data.[Method]To address these issues,this paper has conducted research on relevant methods and technologies:(1)To overcome the lack of effective data organization methods for geo-entities,this paper breaks through the traditional method of organizing geographical spatial data using“vertical layering and horizontal partitioning”.By combining the characteristics of the geo-entity data model structure,we propose nested,hierarchical,networked,and linear multidimensional geo-entity data organization methods based on spatiotemporal domains,entity classes,relationship classes,and lifecycles.This approach achieves flexible organization and control of geo-entity data across different scales,spatiotemporal,and types;(2)In response to the inadequacy of the SQL database for handling geo-entity data storage and management,this paper proposes a distributed heterogeneous database hybrid architecture.This architecture integrates the advantages of SQL databases,file databases,graph databases,and column databases to manage different types of data,achieving multi-source heterogeneous data fusion,aggregation,and storage management with geo-entities as the core.The architecture provides geo-entity data services for various application scenarios through layers such as data storage,data indexing,data caching,data service,and data application.[Result]To ve

关 键 词：地理实体 实景三维 新型基础测绘 异构数据库 地理实体数据建模 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]