翼伞翼型非定常气动特性数值模拟研究  

Numerical simulation of unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of parafoil airfoil

作　　者：王震[1,2] 钟伟[1,2] 王同光[1,2] 李旭东[1,2] 张红英[1] WANG Zhen;ZHONG Wei;WANG Tongguang;LI Xudong;ZHANG Hongying(College of Aerospace Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hi-Tech Research for Wind Turbine Design,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学航空学院,南京210016 [2]南京航空航天大学江苏省风力机设计高技术研究重点实验室,南京210016

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报》2025年第4期1255-1266,共12页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

摘　　要：翼伞的非定常气动特性关乎飞行稳定性和飞行安全,是一个值得深入研究的问题。采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法对迎角动态变化下的翼伞翼型开展非定常数值模拟,分析平均迎角、迎角振幅和缩减频率对翼伞翼型非定常气动力和流场形态的影响。结果显示:平均迎角、迎角振幅和缩减频率3个参数中的任一个增大,都导致翼伞翼型气动力的非定常性显著增强;平均迎角与迎角振幅共同决定翼型迎角动态变化的范围,显著影响翼伞翼型的动态失速特性;缩减频率的变化对翼伞翼型的升力迟滞效应产生影响,最大升力系数随缩减频率的增加而呈线性增大。流场分析表明:翼伞翼型迎角动态增大阶段的非定常效应,延缓了翼型流动分离的发生,并使分离涡紧贴上翼面呈扁平形状,共同促使翼伞翼型的临界迎角和最大升力系数相对定常情况显著增大。研究成果有助于增进对翼伞翼型非定常气动力和流场规律的理解,为复杂风环境下的翼伞非定常气动力预测和安全性评估提供支撑。The unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of parafoils are a matter of flight stability and flight safety and are worthy of in-depth study.In this paper,the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method was used to carry out an unsteady numerical simulation of the parafoil airfoil under the dynamic change of the angle of attack,so as to analyze the influence of the average angle of attack,the amplitude of the angle of attack,and the reduced frequency on the unsteady aerodynamic force and flow field pattern of the parafoil airfoil.The results show that an increase in any one of the above three parameters leads to a significant increase in the aerodynamic unsteadiness of the parafoil airfoil.The average angle of attack and the amplitude of the angle of attack amplitude jointly determine the dynamic range of the angle of attack of the airfoil,which significantly affects the dynamic stall characteristics of the parafoil airfoil;the change in reduced frequency affects the lift hysteresis effect of the parafoil airfoil,with the maximum lift coefficient increasing linearly with increasing reduced frequency.Further flow field analysis shows that the unsteady effect of the angle of attack of the parafoil airfoil in the dynamic increase stage delays the occurrence of airfoil flow separation on the one hand,and on the other hand,it flattens the separating vortex against the upper airfoil,which together contributes to a significant increase in the critical angle of attack and maximum lift coefficient of the parafoil airfoil relative to the constant case.The results of this essay will help to enhance the understanding of the unsteady aerodynamic force and flow field patterns of parafoil airfoil,support the prediction of unsteady aerodynamic forces and safety assessment of parafoil in complex wind environments.

关 键 词：翼伞 翼型 气动性能 动态失速 缩减频率 

分 类 号：V244[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]