岸基GNSS-R码测高反演模型  

The retrieval model of shore-based GNSS-R code altimetry

作　　者：宁保蛟 王娜子 荆丽丽 高凡[1,2] 孔亚慧 贺匀峤 NING Baojiao;WANG Nazi;JING Lili;GAO Fan;KONG Yahui;HE Yunqiao(Institute of Space Sciences,Shandong University,Weihai 264209,China;Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment,Weihai 264209,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学空间科学研究院,威海264209 [2]山东省光学天文与日地空间环境重点实验室,威海264209

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报》2025年第4期1395-1403,共9页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)(2021ZDSYS01);国家自然科学基金(41704017,41604003);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2022MD046)。

摘　　要：全球导航卫星系统反射测量(GNSS-R)海面测高作为GNSS技术应用领域之一,其凭借全天时、低成本、高时空分辨率等特点在海洋遥感领域占据极大的优势。但受GNSS码片宽度的限制,岸基GNSS-R码延迟海面测高的最优精度仅为分米级,难以满足大地测量学领域对海面高的精度要求。提出利用傅里叶级数拟合法对码延迟测高结果进行优化,并于山东省威海市开展GNSS-R码测高实验进行验证,分别对QZSS L2C信号、QZSS L5信号及GPS L5信号的码延迟测高结果进行拟合处理并计算反演精度,对比原始测高结果发现:3段不同时长的原始测高结果经过傅里叶级数拟合优化后,其均方根误差(RMSE)从70~90 cm提升至9~15 cm。在此基础上,利用拟合所得傅里叶级数曲线对未来24 h内的海面高进行预测,与验潮站数据相比,预测结果仍保持较高精度,RMSE为13~18 cm,相关系数大于0.97。结果表明所提出的方法不仅能对码延迟测高结果进行优化,能对存在数据缺失的情况进行补充,还能对未来海面高度进行高精度的预测。With the continuous innovation of GNSS technology,its application fields continue to expand.Because of its all-weather capabilities,low cost,and high spatiotemporal resolution,Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflectometry(GNSS-R)sea surface altimetry has many benefits in the field of ocean remote sensing.However,due to the limitation of GNSS chip width,the optimal accuracy of shore-based GNSS-R code-delay sea level measurements is only decimeter level,which makes it difficult to meet the accuracy requirements of Geodesy for sea surface height.In order to maximize the GNSS-R code-delay altimetry results,this research suggested using the Fourier series fitting method.To validate the suggested approach,GNSS-R code altimetry experiments were conducted in Weihai City,Shandong Province.The code-delay altimetry results of QZSS L2C signal,QZSS L5 signal and GPS L5 signal are respectively fitted and processed,and the inversion accuracy is calculated.When compared to the original altimetry findings,it is discovered that the RMSEs of the three original altimetry values with varying lengths have improved from 70-90 cm to 9-15 cm following Fourier series fitting.On this basis,the sea surface heights in the next 24 hours are predicted using the fitted Fourier series curve.Compared with the tide gauge data,the prediction results still maintain high accuracy,with RMSE of 13-18 cm and correlation a coefficient greater than 0.97.The above results indicate that the method proposed in this article can not only optimize the code-delay height measurement results and supplement the missing data,but also make high-precision predictions for future sea levels.

关 键 词：岸基 全球导航卫星系统反射测量 码延迟 海平面高度 傅里叶级数拟合 

分 类 号：P228.4[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]