外源赤霉素(GA_(3))对不同桃品种(系)果实品质的影响  

Influence of exogenous gibberellin(GA_(3))on fruit quality in different peach varieties(strains)

作　　者：陈鸿 杜金华 马瑞娟[2] 张圆圆 丁辉[2] 张斌斌[2] 俞明亮[2] CHEN Hong;DU Jinhua;MA Ruijuan;ZHANG Yuanyuan;DING Hui;ZHANG Binbin;YU Mingliang(College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,Jiangsu,China;Institute of Pomology,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement,Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095 [2]江苏省农业科学院果树研究所·江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室,南京210014

出　　处：《果树学报》2025年第4期775-789,共15页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-30);江苏省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(JATS[2023]387)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究外施不同浓度赤霉素(GA_(3))对不同桃品种(系)果实生长发育及品质的影响,筛选适宜浓度。【方法】以DB2-9、霞晖8号和霞脆桃为试材,分别自盛花后48、50和46 d起,每隔10 d喷施50(T2)、100(T3)和150(T4)mg·L^(-1)的GA_(3),以喷施等量清水为对照(T1)。在硬核期、膨大期和成熟期比较果实的内外品质及糖酸组分含量。【结果】外施50、100 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)显著提高3个品种(系)成熟期果实的单果质量。外施100、150 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)显著降低霞脆成熟期果实的果形指数,对DB2-9和霞晖8号成熟期果实的果形指数无显著影响。外施150 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)显著提高DB2-9成熟期果实的a^(*)值和a^(*)/b^(*)值,外施100、150 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)对霞脆成熟期果实着色的抑制效应较霞晖8号显著。外施100、150 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)显著提高霞晖8号成熟期果实的去皮硬度和霞脆成熟期果实的带皮硬度,对DB2-9成熟期果实的硬度无显著影响。对于果实口感而言,外施50~150 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)能提高DB2-9成熟期果实的可溶性固形物、总糖含量和糖酸比,外施50、150 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)能提高霞晖8号和霞脆成熟期果实的可溶性固形物、总糖和总有机酸含量。【结论】不同桃品种(系)对GA_(3)的反应不同,提高DB2-9、霞晖8号和霞脆成熟期果实品质的外施GA_(3)适宜质量浓度分别为100、50和50 mg·L^(-1)。【Objective】Exogenous GA_(3)is widely used to regulate fruit growth and development,which is closely related to fruit quality.The sensitivity of exogenous GA_(3)varies among different fruit tree species.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exogenous GA_(3)at different concentrations on single fruit mass,fruit shape index,colour values,firmness,soluble solids content(SSC),soluble sugar content,organic acid content,and sugar-acid ratio of different peach varieties(strains).【Methods】Peaches of DB2-9,Xiahui 8 and Xiacui were used as experimental materials.The experiment included 4 treatments:T1(spraying water),T2(50 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)),T3(100 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)),and T4(150 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)),and each treatment included three trees that were sprayed four times at intervals of 10 d,starting from 48,50,and 46 d after full bloom,respectively.Twenty fruits were randomly collected from each treatment(three replications)at the hard core stage,expansion stage and ripening stage for the determination of external and internal fruit mass indexes.All data were statistically analyzed.【Results】In this study,the mass of single fruit of Xiahui 8 and Xiacui in T2 treatment was significantly higher than in the other treatments during the expansion and ripening stages;during the ripening period,the mass of single fruit of DB2-9 under T2 and T3 was significantly higher than under T1 and T4.During the expan sion period,the shape index of DB2-9 and Xiacui in T1 was significantly lower than those in the other treatments;and during the three periods,the fruit shape index of Xiahui 8 in T2 was significantly lower than in the other treatments.During the expansion period,the L^(*)value of DB2-9 and Xiacui in T3 and T4 was significantly lower than in T1;during the expansion and ripening periods,the L^(*)value of Xiahui 8 in T2 was significantly higher than in T1.In the entire periods,the a^(*)value of DB2-9 in T4 was significantly higher than in T1 and T2;at the ripening stage,the difference in the a^(*)value of Xiahui

关 键 词：桃 GA_(3) 需冷量 果实品质 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]