杨梅新品种丁魁的选育  

A new Chinese bayberry cultivar Dingkui

作　　者：宋洋 刘冬峰[1] 赵泉 张培安 陈官菊[1] 刘颖瑶 金欢淳 单琳雯 郭秀珠[1] SONG Yang;LIU Dongfeng;ZHAO Quan;ZHANG Pei’an;CHEN Guanju;LIU Yingyao;JINHuanchun;SHAN Linwen;GUO Xiuzhu(Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops,Wenzhou 325000,Zhejiang,China;Wenzhou Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center,Wenzhou 325000,Zhejiang,China;Wenzhou Ouhai District Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Wenzhou 325000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省亚热带作物研究所,浙江温州325000 [2]温州市农业技术推广中心,浙江温州325000 [3]温州市瓯海区农业农村局,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《果树学报》2025年第4期912-916,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：温州市基础性公益科研项目(N2023015);浙江省果品新品种选育子课题(2021C02066-2-2);温州市农业新品种选育协作组项目(ZX2024002-4);瓯海科创中心项目(OHKC2024009)。

摘　　要：丁魁是从丁岙梅实生变异单株选育而成的大果型杨梅新品种。果实近圆球形,果蒂略凸起,果梗中等长度,肉柱圆润,质地脆嫩多汁,风味浓,果实耐贮性好。果实平均单果质量22.6 g,果形指数0.97,可食率95.6%,果实硬度2.89 N,可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)为10.8%,可滴定酸含量(b)为10.57 g·kg^(-1),总糖含量为73.3 mg·g^(-1),黄酮类含量为0.74 mg·g^(-1),总酚含量为1.77 mg·g^(-1),氨基酸含量为7.76 mg·100 g^(-1),维生素C含量为33.3 mg·100 g^(-1);果实生育期55~60 d,在浙江温州地区果实6月初成熟,以春梢和夏梢为主要结果母枝,花序坐果率约15%,自然坐果率适中,无需人工疏果。丁魁抗肉葱病能力强于丁岙梅。该品种适宜在气候温润的浙南及气候与浙南相似地区栽培。一般高接后5~7 a(年)即进入稳产期,产量较为稳定,平均666.7 m^(2)产量可达660 kg。Dingkui is a new Chinese bayberry variety selected from a single variant found in the growing orchard of Ding’ao.After more than 20 years of observation and identification on the mother tree and offsprings,it is believed that the characteristics of the variety are stable and consistent.When the fruit fully matures,the flesh column is round and blunt,the average fruit weight is 22.6 g,the fruit hardness is 2.89 N,the fruit shape index is 0.97,the solid soluble content is 10.8%,the titratable acid content is 10.57 g·kg^(-1),the total sugar content is 73.3 mg·g^(-1),the flavone content is 0.74 mg·g^(-1),the polyphenol content is 1.77 mg·g^(-1),the amino acid content is 7.76 mg·100 g^(-1),and the vitamin C content is 33.3 mg·100 g^(-1).The tree is strong in vigour and round or semicircular in shape,and the trunk and branches are short.The leaves are lanceolate-inverted,dark-green,11.1 cm long and 2.7 cm wide,and have a short petiole.The flower is pure pistil,the female flower inflorescence is cylindrical,0.76 cm long and 0.31 cm thick,and the flower is“V”-shaped.The budbreak period of Dingkui flower buds is in late February,the initial flowering period is in early March,the peak flowering period is in early March,and the final flowering period and young fruit period are in mid-March.The fruit ripening period is in early June,and the fruit development period is 55-60 days.The top flower buds on short fruit branches in spring and summer mainly bear fruits,with a natural fruit setting rate of about 15%,significantly lower than that of Ding’ao.The artificial thinning amount during fruit setting is small and it is easy to manage.Generally,it enters the peak production period 5-7 years after high grafting,with an average yield of 660 kg·666.7 m-2.We used SNP molecular marker technology to conduct molecular identification on 18 Chinese bayberry samples collected in 2023.The clustering analysis results confirmed that Dingkui did not have any homonyms with other varieties.18 materials were divided into 2 groups

关 键 词：杨梅 新品种 丁魁 

分 类 号：S667.6[农业科学—果树学]