健锐营与鄂垒扎拉图之战  

The Jianrui Camp and the Battle of Oroi Jalatu

作　　者：田硕苗 TIAN Shuomiao

机构地区：[1]北京市文物局北京大觉寺与团城管理处,北京100093

出　　处：《西部蒙古论坛》2025年第1期55-64,126,127,共12页Journal of the Western Mongolian Studies

摘　　要：本文以乾隆御制诗为切口聚焦乾隆时期平定准噶尔战争中的经典战役“鄂垒扎拉图之战”,以战役背景概述、战役始末梳理、军队人员构成、健锐营的赫赫战功以及此战的历史意义等五个方面全面分析这场由健锐营参与的战役史实。研究发现,健锐营在这场战役中作出了巨大的贡献,付出了巨大的牺牲。此战极大地塑造了包括健锐营士兵在内的清军将士的作战品格,提高了官兵的作战本领;锤炼了清军队伍,逐渐确定了以兆惠为代表的前线指挥的重要地位;打出了清军早期的优良作战水平,极大地扭转了清军的声誉与地位;鼓舞了清军的战斗意志,提振了整个平定准噶尔战争的清军士气。This article focuses on the exemplifying battle“Battle of Oroi Jalatu”during the Qianlong period pacification of the Dzungar region,using a poem written by Emperor Qianlong as a starting point.It com⁃prehensively analyzes the historical facts of this battle,which involved the participation of the Jianrui Camp,from five aspects:an overview of the battle background,a summary of the beginning and end of the battle,the composition of the military personnel,the outstanding achievements of the Jianrui Camp,and the historical significance of this battle.Research has found that the Jianrui Camp made significant contributions and sacrifices in this battle.At the same time,in terms of significance,this battle greatly shaped the combat character of Qing soldiers,including soldiers from Jianrui Camp,and improved the combat skills of officers and soldiers;Tempered the Qing army and gradually established the important po⁃sition of frontline command represented by Zhao Hui;It demonstrated the excellent combat level of the Qing army in its early days,greatly reversing the reputation and status of the Qing army;Encouraged the fighting spirit of the Qing army and boosted the morale of the entire Qing army in pacifying the Jungar.

关 键 词：健锐营 兆惠 鄂垒扎拉图 乾隆 御制诗 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]