稀土Gd对Sn-43.5Bi-27Pb合金组织与性能的影响  

Effect of Rare Earth Gd on Microstructure and Properties of Sn-43.5Bi-27Pb Alloy

作　　者：王凤芹 牛诚超 宋卓斐 WANG Fengqin;NIU Chengchao;SONG Zhuofei(College of Metallurgy and Energy,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学冶金与能源学院,河北唐山063210

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2025年第6期72-78,82,共8页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(E2016209158);河北省教育厅科技项目(QN2015223)。

摘　　要：利用扫描电镜(SEM)、差示热分析仪(DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)等对添加不同Gd含量的Sn-43.5Bi-27Pb合金的微观组织、熔化性能以及力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:Sn-43.5Bi-27Pb合金包含三相,分别为Sn相、Bi相以及Pb_(7)Bi_(3)中间相,其熔点为96.5℃,抗拉强度为55 MPa、伸长率为52.1%。Sn-43.5Bi-27Pb-xGd(x=0.2、0.5、1.0和4.0)合金的抗拉强度都略低于Sn-43.5Bi-27Pb低熔点合金,x=0.2时合金与Sn-43.5Bi-27Pb合金的相组成相同,x=0.5和x=1.0时合金多了Gd相,x=4.0时合金多了Gd和Bi3Gd5相。随着Gd含量增加,熔化区间逐渐缩小,当Gd含量为1.0wt%时,合金的组织与性能最好,其熔化区间最小,为12.72℃,相比于Sn-43.5Bi-27Pb合金降低了2.48℃,其抗拉强度、伸长率和显微硬度分别为49 MPa、47.5%和29.35 HV。进行先冷轧后时效后,当Gd含量为0.5wt%时,合金组织与性能最优,伸长率相比未先冷轧后时效的提高了50.1%。The microstructure,melting performance and mechanical properties of Sn-43.5Bi-27Pb alloy with different Gd contents were studied using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),differential thermal analysis(DTA),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results show that the alloy contains three phases,namely Sn phase,Bi phase,and Pb_(7)Bi_(3) intermediate phase.Its melting point is 96.5℃,the tensile strength is 55 MPa,and the elongation is 52.1%.The tensile strength of Sn-43.5Bi-27Pb-xGd(x=0.2,0.5,1.0,and 4.0)alloy is slightly lower than that of Sn -43.5Bi-27Pb low melting point alloy.When x=0.2,the phase composition of the alloy is the same as that of Sn-43.5Bi-27Pb alloy.When x=0.5 and x=1.0,the alloy has more Gd phases,while when x=4.0,the alloy has more Gd and Bi3Gd5 phases.As the Gd content increases,the melting range gradually narrows.When the Gd content is 1.0wt%,the microstructure and properties of the alloy are the best,with a minimum melting range of 12.72℃.Compared with Sn -43.5Bi-27Pb alloy,the melting range decreases by 2.48℃,and its tensile strength,elongation,and microhardness are 49 MPa,47.5% and 29.35 HV,respectively.After cold rolling followed by aging,when the Gd content is 0.5wt%,the microstructure and properties of the alloy are optimal,and the elongation is increased by 50.1% compared with those without cold rolling followed by aging.

关 键 词：低熔点合金 熔化特性 微观组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG425[金属学及工艺—焊接]