竹叶花椒‘跃宏1号’无性系选育与栽培  

Zanthoxylum armatum‘Yuehong 1’Asexual Propagation Selection and Cultivation

作　　者：呼延丽 陆斌 杜春花 郭永清 郑跃宏 HU Yanli;LU Bin;DU Chunhua;GUO Yongqing;ZHENG Yuehong(Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland,Kunming Yunnan 650201,P.R.China;Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Exploiation of Forest Plant/Key Laboratory of Yunnan Rare and Endangered Forest Plants Protection and Breeding of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Kunming Yunnan 650201,P.R.China;Yunnan Yuehong Pepper Industry Science and Technology Development Co.Wenshan Yunnan 663099,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]云南省林业和草原科学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省森林植物培育与开发利用重点实验室/国家林业和草原局云南珍稀濒特森林植物保护和繁育重点实验室,云南昆明650201 [3]云南跃宏椒业科技发展有限公司,云南文山663099

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2025年第2期89-92,102,共5页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：云南省科技厅重点研发项目“花椒良种选育及配套省力化高效栽培技术研究”,中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目([2022]TG04)号。

摘　　要：为选育具有丰产、早实、品质优良,少刺、生长旺盛等特性且适合文山州及气候相似地区种植的竹叶花椒优良无性系。根据群众报优,在竹叶花椒实生种群中选出的优良单株,采用“初选→无性繁殖与子代测定→复选、决选→品比试验→区域性试验”的技术路线开展选育工作。选育出的‘跃宏1号’竹叶花椒优良无性系经无性繁殖嫁接4代,子代性状具有稳定性和一致性的特点。其主要园艺性状:早实(嫁接当年初果)、丰产(果穗长、果粒多、株产鲜果12.5 kg)、少刺(枝刺4.1个·dm^(-1),无叶刺);果实挥发油含量高(16.9 mL·100 g^(-1))。‘跃宏1号’品质达国家林业行业标准规定的特级花椒要求。The excellent asexual propagation of Zanthoxylum armatum is selected with the objectives of high yield,early realisation,high quality,less thorns and vigorous growth.According to the mass report,excellent single plants were selected from the live population of Z.armatum,and the excellent asexual line of‘Yuehong No.1’of Z.armatum with specificity was selected after preliminary selection,asexual propagation and progeny determination,re-selection and final selection,and comparison test and regional test.After 4 generations of grafting by asexual line propagation,the offspring traits have stability and consistency.The main traits,early fruit(grafting the year the first fruit),high yield(fruit spike long,large fruit,plant yield fresh fruit 12.5 kg),less thorns(branch thorns 4.1 spines·dm^(-1),no leaf thorns),physicochemical indicators measured volatile oil 16.9 mL·100 g^(-1) high,the quality of the national forestry industry standard for the requirements of the special grade pepper.

关 键 词：竹叶花椒 ‘跃宏1号’ 优良品种 选育 栽培技术 

分 类 号：S573.9[农业科学—作物学]