改进型后挡板开孔刷式密封滞后效应与吹下效应数值研究  

Numerical study on hysteresis effect and blow down effect of improved brush seal structure with through hole on backing plate

作　　者：杨艺潇 孙丹 赵欢 慕伟 任国哲 徐文峰 YANG Yixiao;SUN Dan;ZHAO Huan;MU Wei;REN Guozhe;XU Wenfeng(Liaoning Key Lab of Advanced Test Technology for Aerospace Propulsion System,School of Aero-engine,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136,China;Shenyang Engine Research Institute,Aero Engine Corporation of China,Shenyang 110015,China;Key Laboratory for Power Transmission of Aero Engine,Aero Engine Corporation of China,Shenyang 110015,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学航空发动机学院,辽宁省航空推进系统先进测试技术重点实验室,沈阳110136 [2]中国航发沈阳发动机研究所,沈阳110015 [3]中国航发航空发动机动力传输航空科技重点实验室,沈阳110015

出　　处：《航空动力学报》2025年第2期321-334,共14页Journal of Aerospace Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52075346);辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”(XLYC2007077)。

摘　　要：提出改进型后挡板开孔刷式密封结构,建立改进型后挡板开孔刷式密封流场特性三维实体求解模型。对比分析传统刷式密封与改进型刷式密封流场压力分布特性,研究结构参数与工况参数对改进型刷式密封滞后效应与吹下效应影响规律。研究结果表明:后挡板开孔刷式密封结构可以有效抑制滞后效应与吹下效应。增加后挡板开孔排数与直径均可提高对滞后效应与吹下效应的抑制作用,随着进出口压比增加,后挡板开孔刷式密封对滞后效应抑制作用提升,对吹下效应抑制作用下降。在压比为1.5~3.0范围内,改型结构的稳态泄漏量相比压力平衡腔型刷式密封增加11.2%~15.4%,相比减压腔型刷式密封减少58.3%~66.7%,保留了与减压腔型刷式密封相近的迟滞性能,并提升了封严性能。在后挡板设置三排沿径向周向均布的降压孔阵列,相比基本型刷式密封,刷丝束下游面无量纲压力系数减少85.0%~88.9%,刷丝束下游面与后挡板接触位置压力显著降低,刷丝束上/下端面无量纲压力系数差值减少75.0%~96.7%,刷丝束内部径向压差明显减少,抑制滞后效应与吹下效应效果明显。A improved brush seal structure with through hole on backing plate structure was presented,and a three-dimensional numerical calculation model for the flow field characteristics of the improved brush seal structure with through hole on backing plate was established.The flow field pressure distribution characteristics of the traditional and improved brush seals were compared and analyzed,and the influence laws of the structure parameters and operating parameters on the hysteresis and blow-downeffects of the improved brush seal were studied. The research results showed that the brush seal withthrough hole on backing plate structure can effectively suppress the hysteresis and blow-down effects.Increasing the number and diameter of through hole on backing plate can improve the inhibition ofhysteresis and blow-down effects. With the increase of inlet and outlet pressure ratio, the inhibition ofbrush seal with through hole on backing plate on hysteresis effect increased, and the inhibition of blowdowneffect decreased. Under the pressure ratio range of 1.5 to 3.0, compared with pressure balancedchamber brush seal,the steady-state leakage of the modified structure increased by 11.2% to 15.4%,andcompared with pressure relief chamber brush seal, the steady-state leakage of the modified structuredecreased by 58.3% to 66.7%, inhibition of hysteresis effect performance was similar to pressure reliefchamber brush seal and the sealing performance was improved. Three rows of pressure relief hole arraysuniformly distributed along the radial and circumferential directions were arranged on the backing plate,compared with basic brush seal, the dimensionless pressure coefficient of the downstream surface of thebristle was reduced by 85.0% to 88.9%, the pressure at the contact position between the downstreamsurface of the bristle and backing plate decreased significantly,the difference between the dimensionlesspressure coefficient of the upper and lower end faces of the bristle was reduced by 75.0% to 96.7%,andthe radial pressure diff

关 键 词：改进型后挡板开孔刷式密封 低滞后刷式密封 滞后效应 吹下效应 三维实体建模 

分 类 号：V233[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] TK263.2[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]