以头晕为表现的未分化疾病诊治进展  

Research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of medically unspecified disease manifested by dizziness

作　　者：蒋睿娟 胡梦杰 朱佳宏 任菁菁[1] JIANG Ruijuan;HU Mengjie;ZHU Jiahong;REN Jingjing(Department of General Practice,the First Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310003,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属第一医院全科医学科,浙江杭州310003

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2025年第4期647-650,664,共5页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72274169)。

摘　　要：头晕是全科门诊患者常见的主诉之一,其会影响患者生活、社交、工作等多个方面,造成相关功能损害。头晕症状具有主观性和非特异性,其病因可能涉及多个学科,目前仍缺乏精确、迅速评估头晕的相关工具。正确地认识、治疗头晕对患者及其家庭具有重要意义。鉴于头晕的病因多样且表现复杂,头晕的管理对全科医生而言仍是一大挑战。对于以头晕为表现的患者,目前全科医生的处理方法包括对因治疗、对症治疗、康复治疗及心理治疗,以减轻症状、缓解情绪及降低日常功能损害。全科医生怎样协助部分头晕患者与病情共存、寻求合理的干预措施和管理办法,仍有待深入研究。本文总结了近年来国内外头晕诊治相关文献资料,对头晕的流行病学、临床特征、病因类型、诊断、治疗和预防等领域的研究成果进行综述,以期为全科医生管理以头晕为表现的未分化疾病提供参考。Dizziness is the most common complaint among patients in general practice clinics.Dizziness can have negative effects on patients'life,social,work,and other aspects,causing functional impairment.The symptom of dizziness is subjective and non-specific,and the cause may involve multiple disciplines.There is still a lack of tools to assess dizziness accurately and rapidly at present.Understanding and treating dizziness correctly is of great significance to patients and their families.The etiology of dizziness is numerous and diverse,and the management of dizziness remains a challenge for general practitioners.For patients manifested by dizziness,the current management methods of general practitioners include cause-based treatment,symptomatic treatment,rehabilitation,and psychotherapy to reduce symptoms,relieve mood,and reduce impairment of daily functioning.Further research is needed on how general practitioners can help some people with dizziness to live with symptoms and find effective interventions and treatments.This article summarizes domestic and international literature on the diagnosis,and treatment of dizziness in recent years,and reviews the epidemiology,clinical characteristics,diagnosis,and treatment of dizziness,in order to provide general practitioners with reference for the management of medically unspecified diseases manifested by dizziness.

关 键 词：头晕 临床特点 未分化疾病 诊治进展 

分 类 号：R441.2[医药卫生—诊断学]