沅水流域水资源气候演变及雨季特征分析  

Analysis of Climate Evolution and Rainy Season Characteristics of Water Resources in Yuan River Basin

作　　者：禹伟 廖春花 罗立军 罗潇 李学敏 YU Wei;LIAO Chunhua;LUO Lijun;LUO Xiao;LI Xuemin(Hunan Meteorological Service Center,Changsha 410118,China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Reduction,Changsha 410118,China;Hunan Wuling Power Technology CO.,LTD.,Changsha 410023,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省气象服务中心,湖南长沙410118 [2]气象防灾减灾湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410118 [3]湖南五凌电力科技有限公司,湖南长沙410023

出　　处：《云南水力发电》2025年第4期9-13,共5页Yunnan Water Power

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金企业联合基金项目(2024JJ9167)。

摘　　要：利用沅水流域40 a气象站降水资料,运用格点算术平均法求得沅水流域上中下游分段的1979—2018年逐日面雨量,对其进行分段统计分析和线性趋势分析,从气象因素方面来反应水资源的演变。结果显示,沅水流域总水资源变化趋势呈现年际缓慢增加的特征,其中上游和下游水资源呈现增加趋势,中游呈现减少趋势。同时面雨量逐月变化分布在年内呈现双峰型,汛期6月里出现最高峰值,第二个弱峰值在秋季10月。雨水集中期逐年总面雨量上游整体呈现出下降的趋势,而中下游为上升趋势,水资源更多集中在中下游。雨水集中期反映全年水资源主要分布在4至7月,雨季开始的时间上游主要集中在3月下半月,中下游主要集中在4月上半月。Using 40 years of precipitation data from meteorological stations in the Yuan River Basin,the grid point arithmetic mean method is used to obtain the daily surface rainfall of the upper,middle,and lower reaches of the Yuan River Basin from 1979 to 2018.Segmented statistical analysis and linear trend analysis are conducted to reflect the evolution of water resources from the perspective of meteorological factors.The results show that the total water resources in the Yuan River Basin show a slow increasing trend from year to year,with an increasing trend in upstream and downstream water resources and a decreasing trend in the middle reaches.At the same time,the monthly distribution of surface rainfall shows a bimodal pattern throughout the year,with the highest peak occurring in June during the flood season and the second weak peak occurring in October during the autumn season.During the period of concentrated rainfall,the total surface rainfall in the upstream shows a decreasing trend year by year,while in the middle and lower reaches it shows an increasing trend,with more water resources concentrated in the middle and lower reaches.The concentrated period of rainwater reflects that water resources are mainly distributed from April to July throughout the year.The start of the rainy season is mainly concentrated in the upper reaches in the second half of March,and in the middle and lower reaches in the first half of April.

关 键 词：沅水流域 水资源 气候演变 雨季 

分 类 号：TV21[水利工程—水文学及水资源]