引力理论视域下现代汉语类词缀“化”的产生  

The Generation of Modern Chinese Quasiaffix“Hua”from the Perspective of Gravitational Pull

作　　者：陈施羽 Chen Shiyu(Sichuan University,Chengdu,610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学,成都610041

出　　处：《语言与文化研究》2025年第3期18-21,共4页Language and Culture Research

摘　　要：汉语往往被视作孤立语,但现代汉语产生新词的机制受到词缀法影响,出现了诸如“化”等语法功能介于词与词缀之间的类词缀。在翻译过程中,语言的结构和功能在不同语言之间可能存在不直接对应的情况,原本对应英文后缀的汉语词“化”在使用过程中逐渐演化为类词缀。Halverson的“引力假说”强调了目标语和源语的突出性,在“化”与“-ize”的对应中体现为:都身为动词类赋予者v这一语法成分;都具有“变化”“使变得”的语义;相似的固定位置等。因此两者具有较高的连接强度,受到二者“磁力”与“引力”的影响,这一翻译方式被固定下来并融入了汉语自身的语法体系,类词缀“化”成为汉语构词法的一部分。从而吸引越来越多的语言使用者的注意,进一步促使更多的人对这种用法进行创造性的类推。Chinese is often regarded as a language isolate,but the mechanism of producing new words in modern Chinese is influenced by the affix method,and quasiaffixes with grammatical functions between words and affixes have emerged,such as“hua”.In the process of translation,the structure and function of the language may not directly correspond between different languages,and the Chinese word“hua”,which originally corresponded to the English suffix,gradually evolved into a quasiaffix in the process of use.Halverson’s“gravitational hypothesis”emphasizes the prominence of the target language and the source language,which is reflected in the correspondence between“hua”and“-ize”as follows:both are grammatical components of verb class givers.All have the semantics of“change”;similar fixed position,etc.Therefore,the connection between the two has a high strength,and under the influence of the“magnetism”and“gravitational pull”of the two,this translation method is fixed and integrated into the grammar system of Chinese itself,and the“hua”of quasiaffixes has become a part of Chinese word formation.This attracts the attention of more and more language users and further encourages more people to make creative analogies about this usage.

关 键 词：类词缀 “化” 引力理论 翻译 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]