聚乙烯微塑料对玉米种子萌发及生长的影响  

Analyzing the Effects of Polyethylene Microplastics on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Maize

作　　者：陈家豪 魏张东 王琳 马逸飞[1] 李乐琪 CHEN Jiahao;WEI Zhangdong;WANG Lin;MA Yifei;LI Leqi(Miami College,Henan University,Kaifeng,Henan 475000,China;College of Geogrophical Sciences,Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering,Henan University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450046,China;Henan Key Laboratory of Earth System Observation and Modeling,Henan University,Kaifeng,Henan 475000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学,迈阿密学院,河南开封475000 [2]河南大学,地理科学与工程学部地理科学学院,河南郑州450046 [3]河南大学,河南省地球系统观测与模拟重点实验室,河南开封475000

出　　处：《塑料》2025年第2期28-33,共6页Plastics

基　　金：河南大学省级大学生创新创业训练计划(202310475148)。

摘　　要：以玉米种子为研究对象,采用粒径尺寸为13、6.5μm的聚乙烯(PE)微塑料进行水培实验,分析不同粒径和浓度的微塑料对玉米种子的发芽和幼苗生长的影响。通过对比2种粒径的PE处理组可知,随着微塑料浓度的增加,玉米种子的发芽率均受到不同程度的抑制。当PE浓度较高(500 mg/L)时,13μm组具有更强的生理毒性。在种子发芽的第7 d,当PE粒径为13μm时,种子的发芽率、活力指标和平均发芽速度等指标与空白对照组存在显著差异,而当PE粒径为6.5μm时,与空白对照组相比,差异不显著。从生态学角度而言,受PE影响的种子生长量较大,这是由于,PE对种子的生长具有促进作用,但该作用在PE达到中高浓度(200 mg/L)时逐渐减弱。在种子正常发芽后,PE微塑料的添加对玉米幼苗产生“低促高抑”现象,但具体机制仍需要深入研究。Hydroponic experiments were conducted using 13μm and 6.5μm polyethylene microplastics(PE)to investigate the impact of different particle sizes and concentrations on maize seed germination and seedling growth.The results revealed that the germination rate of maize seeds was hindered to varying degrees with increasing PE concentration in both treatment groups.Particularly at a high concentration of 500 mg/L,the 13μm group exhibited more pronounced physiological toxicity.On the 7th day of germination,significant differences were observed between the 13μm group and the blank control group in terms of germination potential,vigor indexes,and average germination speed,while no significant difference was found between the 6.5μm group and the blank control.Ecologically speaking,the growth of seeds affected by PE was larger,which was due to the promoting effect of PE on the growth of seeds,but the effect gradually weakens at a high concentration of PE(200 mg/L).It was hypothesized that the addition of PE may exert toxic excitability on maize seedlings after the normal germination process;however,further research was necessary to determine the exact mechanisms involved.

关 键 词：聚乙烯 微塑料 种子萌发 粒径 幼苗生长 玉米 

分 类 号：TQ325.12[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]