不同填料对PTFE力学及摩擦学性能的影响  

Effects of Different Fillers on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of PTFE

作　　者：刘洪[1] 黄娇娇 王鸿鼎[1] LIU Hong;HUANG Jiaojiao;WANG Hongding(School of Mechanical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学,机电工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《塑料》2025年第2期34-39,45,共7页Plastics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51565025);甘肃省自然科学基金(1606RJZA036)。

摘　　要：分别以二氧化硅(SiO_(2))、二硫化钼(MoS_(2))、氧化铜(CuO)、多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)4种不同类型填料对聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)进行改性,对比研究了相同工况下,性能差异较大的不同填料对PTFE的力学及摩擦学性能的影响,并对试样磨痕表面微观形貌进行表征,研究不同填料改性PTFE的磨损机制。结果表明,4种填料均可降低PTFE的摩擦因数和磨损率,提高拉伸强度和拉伸模量,证明了填料的加入有效地改善了PTFE复合材料的力学和摩擦学性能。其中,100 N载荷下,质量分数为7%的SiO_(2)填充PTFE复合材料的耐磨性最佳,磨损率降低了3个数量级;而300 N载荷下,10%CuO改性PTFE的减摩擦效果更显著,但耐磨性较差;MoS_(2)对PTFE复合材料拉伸强度的改善效果最显著,5%MoS_(2)/PTFE比纯PTFE的拉伸强度提高了40.2%;MWCNTs对PTFE复合材料拉伸模量的改善效果最显著,与纯PTFE的拉伸模量相比,15%MWCNTs/PTFE的拉伸模量提高了71.9%。通过对比测试结果表明,7%SiO_(2)/PTFE具有较好的综合性能。Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)was modified with four different types of fillers,namely,silica(SiO_(2)),molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2)),copper oxide(CuO),and multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs).The effects of different fillers with widely varying properties on the mechanical and tribological properties of PTFE under the same operating conditions were investigated comparatively.And the wear mechanism of PTFE modified by different fillers was studied by characterizing the micro-morphology of the wear scar surface of the sample.The results showed that all four fillers could reduce the coefficient of friction and wear rate of PTFE,and increase the tensile strength and tensile modulus,which proved that the addition of fillers effectively improved the mechanical and tribological properties of PTFE composite.Among them,the wear resistance of SiO_(2)filled PTFE composite with a mass fraction of 7%under 100 N load was the best,and the wear rate was reduced by three orders of magnitude.Under 300 N load,the friction reduction effect of 10%CuO modified PTFE was more significant,but the wear resistance was poor.MoS_(2)had the most remarkable effect on improving the tensile strength of PTFE composite,with 5%MoS_(2)/PTFE increasing the tensile strength by 40.2%over pure PTFE.The enhancement of tensile modulus of PTFE composite by MWCNTs was more obvious,and the tensile modulus of 15%MWCNTs/PTFE was increased by 71.9%compared with that of pure PTFE.Comparative test results identified 7%SiO_(2)/PTFE as having better overall performance.

关 键 词：聚四氟乙烯复合材料 二氧化硅 二硫化钼 氧化铜 多壁碳纳米管 摩擦学性能 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ325.4[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]