河套灌区向日葵种植行距密度效应研究  

Research on the Effect of Row Spacing Density of Sunflower Planting in Hetao Irrigation Area

作　　者：李彬瑞 张婷婷 王瑞珍 杨晶 仲生柱 刘贵 赵志伟 靳剑辉 赵斌 田冬生 LI Bin-rui;ZHANG Ting-ting;WANG Rui-zhen(Wuyuan County Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center,Bayannur,Inner Mongolia 015100;Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010031)

机构地区：[1]五原县农牧业技术推广中心,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015100 [2]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [3]内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [4]五原县新公中镇农业技术推广站,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015100 [5]五原县耕地质量保护中心,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015100

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第7期15-18,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家特色油料产业技术体系(CARS-14)。

摘　　要：[目的]探明河套灌区向日葵合理的种植行距及密度。[方法]设置行距(大行行距1.0、1.1、1.2 m,R1、R2、R3处理)和密度(21000、24000、27000株/hm^(2),D1、D2、D3处理)2因素3水平裂区试验,研究不同种植行距及密度对向日葵产量、产量构成、农艺性状、籽粒性状等因素的影响。[结果]扩行降密各处理对向日葵生育期无影响。同一行距水平下,随着种植密度的增加,向日葵株高增高,盘径降低,单盘粒重、百粒重、籽粒长度和宽度降低。在同一密度水平下,随着大行距增加株距减小,向日葵株高增加。同一密度水平下,R2处理(大行距1.1 m)单盘粒重最高,籽粒商品性较好,其中R2D2处理的经济效益表现最好。[结论]获得最高产量的向日葵种植大行距应为106 cm,小行距40 cm,密度为25132株/hm^(2)(株距55 cm),其产量及其构成因素、农艺性状、成本投入、经济效益综合表现最好,适宜在河套灌区大面积推广。[Objective]To find out the reasonable planting spacing and density of sunflower in Hetao irrigation area.[Method]A two-factor(row spacing and density),three-level split-zone experiment was set up to investigate the effects of different planting spacing and density on sunflower yield,yield composition,agronomic traits,seed traits and other factors.[Result]The treatments of row expansion and density reduction had no effect on sunflower fertility.At the same row spacing level,as planting density increased,sunflower plant height increased,disc diameter decreased,and single disc grain weight,100-grain weight,seed length and width decreased.At the same density level,sunflower plant height increased as plant spacing decreased with increasing large row spacing.At the same density level,R2 treatment(large row spacing of 1.1m)had the highest single disc grain weight and better seed commerciality,with R2D2 treatment showing the best economic performance.[Conclusion]The sunflower planted with the highest yield should be grown with a large row spacing of 106 cm,a small row spacing of 40 cm,and a density of 25132 plants/hm^(2)(plant spacing of 55 cm),which has the best overall performance in terms of yield and its components,agronomic traits,cost inputs,and economic benefits,and is suitable for large-scale promotion in Hetao irrigation area.

关 键 词：向日葵 行距 密度 产量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S565.5[农业科学—作物学]