名贵中药材牛黄中总磷脂含量测定  

Determination of total phospholipid content in Calculus bovis,a rare Chinese medicinal material

作　　者：黄凤萍 梁芳瑜 何健 杜华洲 黄可 李华翔 余婧婧 肖凤霞[1] HUANG Feng-ping;LIANG Fang-yu;HE Jian;DU Hua-zhou;HUANG Ke;LI Hua-xiang;YU Jing-jing;XIAO Feng-xia(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510006,China;China Resources Sanjiu Medical&Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518110,China;Guangzhou Caizhilin Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd.,Guangzhou 510360,China)

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学中药学院,广东广州510006 [2]华润三九医药股份有限公司,广东深圳518110 [3]广州采芝林药业有限公司,广东广州510360

出　　处：《时珍国医国药》2025年第5期879-884,共6页Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research

基　　金：广州中医药大学学术学位推免生专项(广中医校办[2022]173号);广东省农村科技特派员-化橘红道地药材的种植推广项目(KTP20200136);省级乡村振兴战略专项资金种业振兴行动项目-化橘红品种培育(2024-NPY-00-042)。

摘　　要：目的建立牛黄中总磷脂含量测定方法,对不同牛黄样品中总磷脂的含量进行测定及比较分析,补充牛黄的真伪鉴别方法,完善质量评价体系。方法收集天然牛黄、体外培育牛黄、人工牛黄及网购牛黄等样品;采用Folch试剂超声提取、强酸消化、钼蓝显色,UV-VIS法在824 nm测定吸光度,计算总磷脂含量,统计学比较分析。结果不同样品中总磷脂含量差异较大,其中两个天然牛黄为0.810%和1.118%,一个体外培育牛黄为0.076%,5个人工牛黄在0.553%~0.689%之间,7个网购样品中6个样品均为0。与天然牛黄总磷脂含量相比,人工牛黄差异显著(P<0.01),体外培育牛黄差异极显著(P<0.001)。结论所建立测定牛黄药材总磷脂含量的方法,操作简便、稳定可靠;牛黄中总磷脂含量可反映牛黄药材的质量差异。该方法可作为企业内控标准,完善牛黄质量评价体系提供参考依据。Objective To establish a method for determining the total phospholipid content in Calculus bovis,measure and compare the total phospholipid content in various Calculus bovis samples,supplement existing methods for distinguishing authentic from counterfeit products,and enhance the quality evaluation system.Methods Samples of natural Calculus bovis,in vitro cultivated Calculus bovis,artificially-cultivated Calculus bovis,and online-purchased Calculus bovis were collected.Ultrasonic extraction with Folch reagent,strong acid digestion,molybdenum blue color development,and UV-VIS spectrophotometry at 824 nm were performed to measure absorbance and calculate total phospholipid content.Statistical comparison and analysis were conducted.Results Significant differences in total phospholipid content were observed among the samples.Two natural Calculus bovis samples contained 0.810% and 1.118%,one in vitro cultivated Calculus bovis sample contained 0.076%,five artificially-cultivated Calculus bovis samples ranged from 0.553% to 0.689%,and six out of seven online-purchased samples contained none.Compared with natural Calculus bovis,artificially-cultivated Calculus bovis showed a significant difference in total phospholipid content(P<0.01),while in vitro cultivated Calculus bovis showed a highly significant difference(P<0.001).Conclusion The established method for determining total phospholipid content in Calculus bovis is simple,stable,and reliable.Total phospholipid content can reflect the quality differences in Calculus bovis.This method may serve as an internal control standard for enterprises and provide a reference for improving the Calculus bovis quality evaluation system.

关 键 词：牛黄 总磷脂测定 钼蓝比色法 质量评价 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学] R927.2[医药卫生—中医学]