黄精有效成分含量差异及其生态因子关联分析  

The variation of active ingredients contents in Polygonatum sibiricum and correlation analysis of its ecological factors

作　　者：李汐 陈芳雷 熊丰 宁知贵 洪家顺 黎春 韩叶良 张继龙 纪建臣 骆无瑕 LI Xi;CHEN Fang-leil;XIONG Feng;NING Zhi-gui;HONG Jia-shun;LI Chun;HAN Ye-liang;ZHANG Ji-long;JI Jian-chen;LUO Wu-xia(State Nuclear Security Technology Center,Bejing 102401,China;State Key Laboratory for Quality Assurance and Sustainable Use of Geo-authentic Medicinals,National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Bejing 100700,China;Jiangxi provincial Research Center for Quality Evaluation of Geo-authentic Medicinals,Nanchang Jiangxi 330000,China)

机构地区：[1]国家核安保技术中心,北京102401 [2]道地药材品质保障与资源持续利用全国重点实验室,中国中医科学院中药资源中心,北京100700 [3]江西省道地药材质量评价研究中心,江西南昌330000

出　　处：《时珍国医国药》2025年第5期936-941,共6页Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research

基　　金：核技术研发科研项目“核辐射作物品种改良与害虫防控”;国家自然科学基金青年基金(82204566)。

摘　　要：目的系统研究生态因子对黄精Polygonatum sibiricum Red.有效成分含量的影响模式。方法采集黄精主产区陕西、山西、辽宁、湖南等地共74个分布位点的208份植物-土壤“一对一”样品,测定黄精黄酮、多糖、皂苷等有效成分含量以及其对应土壤样品的有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾、pH等养分因子,并结合数据库提取的产地气候因子展开关联分析。结果黄精黄酮、多糖、皂苷类成分受生态因子的影响显著,其中多糖含量被5个生态因子解释了42.08%变异,黄酮类成分可被7个生态因子解释23.99%的变异,而皂苷含量则可被3个生态因子解释21.89%变异。结论生长季降水量和纬度是黄酮类成分的主控生态因子,海拔是皂苷类成分的主控生态因子,而多糖含量受生长季降水量、最低温度、经度、0度积温和土壤速效钾的综合调控。研究结果为黄精生产区划及生产过程中的品质控制提供了数据支撑。Objective To systematically investigate the impact of ecological factors on the contents of active ingredients in Polygonatum sibiricum Red.(P.sibiricum).Methods This study collected 208 plant-soil one-to-one samples from 74 distribution sites in the main production areas of P.sibiricum,including Shaanxi,Shanxi,Liaoning,and Hunan.The contents of active ingredients such as flavonoids,polysaccharides,and saponins in P.sibiricum,along with soil nutrient factors such as organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,and pH,were determined.Correlation analysis was conducted in conjunction with climate factors extracted from databases.Results The results revealed that the contents of flavonoids,polysaccharides,and saponins in P.sibiricum were significantly influenced by ecological factors.Specifically,42.08% of the variation in polysaccharide content was interpreted by five ecological factors,23.99% of the variation in flavonoid content by seven ecological factors,and 21.89% of the variation in saponin content by three ecological factors.Conclusion Growing season precipitation and latitude were the dominant ecological factors for flavonoids,while altitude was the main factor for saponins,and polysaccharide content was jointly regulated by growing season precipitation,minimum temperature,longitude,0℃ accumulated temperature,and available potassium in soil.The findings provide data support for the selection of producing areas and quality control of P.sibiricum.

关 键 词：黄精 药效成分 土壤 气候 相关分析 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学] S567[农业科学—中草药栽培] R282.5[农业科学—作物学]