我国县级医疗机构呼吸科运行效率调查与评估  

Investigation and evaluation of operational efficiency in respiratory departments of county-level medical institutions in China

作　　者：牧雾云 彭明强[2] 杨汀[2] 张春瑜[2] 刘兵[2] 潘君[2] 胡宁 杨路莹 贾存波[2] MU Wuyun;PENG Mingqiang;YANG Ting;ZHANG Chunyu;LIU Bing;PAN Jun;HU Ning;YANG Luying;JIA Cunbo(School of Management,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing,100029,PRC)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学管理学院,北京市100029 [2]中日友好医院,北京市100029

出　　处：《中国医院》2025年第5期77-81,共5页Chinese Hospitals

基　　金：国家卫生健康委医疗应急司课题(2024-HX-45)。

摘　　要：目的:通过对2023年1~6月部分县级医疗机构呼吸科的投入产出效率进行分析,了解当前县级医疗机构呼吸科的运行效率,提升县级医疗机构呼吸系统疾病防治能力,为相关政策提供参考。方法:通过问卷调查收集全国30个省份395家县级医疗机构呼吸科相关数据,利用三阶段DEA模型,在剔除地区生产总值、人口密度的影响后,评价其效率。结果:县级医疗机构呼吸科运行综合效率、纯技术效率、规模效率分别为0.606、0.983、0.616,北京、上海、河南综合效率值为1,达到DEA有效状态,规模报酬不变,27个省份规模报酬递增。结论:县级医疗机构呼吸科运行效率处于较低水平,且区域间发展不平衡,其中卫生资源配置不均衡是一项重要影响因素。政府应加大对县级医疗机构呼吸科的投入,合理扩大呼吸科的规模,不断推动技术进步,优化资源配置,提高资源利用率,推动优质医疗资源扩容和区域均衡布局,进而提升县级医疗机构呼吸科的运行效率。Objective:To analyze the input-output efficiency of respiratory departments in some county-level medical institutions from January to June 2023,understand their current operational efficiency,improve the capacity for prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases at the county level,and provide references for relevant policies.Methods:Data from 395 county-level medical institutions across 30 provinces in China were collected via questionnaire.A three-stage DEA model was applied to evaluate efficiency after removing the effects of GDP and population density.Results:The comprehensive efficiency,pure technical efficiency,and scale efficiency of respiratory departments were 0.606,0.983,and 0.616,respectively.Institutions in Beijing,Shanghai,and He'nan achieved a DEA-efficient status with constant returns to scale,while 27 provinces exhibited increasing returns to scale.Conclusion:The operational efficiency of respiratory departments in county-level medical institutions remains relatively low and unevenly developed across regions,with uneven allocation of health resources as a key influencing factor.The government should increase investment,appropriately expand department scale,promote technological advancement,and optimize resource allocation to improve efficiency and achieve balanced distribution of high-quality medical resources.

关 键 词：县级医疗机构 呼吸科 数据包络分析 运行效率 

分 类 号：R197.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]