耕地经营权流转对农户粮食生产生态效率的影响:促进抑或阻碍?——基于农户调查(CRRS)数据的实证研究  

The Impact of the Transfer of Cropland Management Rights on the Eco-efficiency of Food Production of Farm Households:Promotion or Hindrance?——An Empirical Study Based on CRRS Data

作　　者：顾莉丽[1] 刘芳 刘帅[2] GU Lili;LIU Fang;LIU Shuai

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学经济管理学院,吉林长春130118 [2]吉林农业大学粮食主产区农村经济研究中心,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《农村经济》2025年第2期29-38,共10页Rural Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“玉米收储政策改革的效率检视、目标评估与政策优化研究”(编号:20BJY147);国家社会科学基金项目“国家玉米收储政策改革效应及其优化研究”(编号:18BJY150);国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国三大平原‘资源—要素—政策’相协调的粮食和生态‘双安全’研究”(编号:20&ZD094);中国社会科学院重大经济社会调查项目“乡村振兴综合调查及中国农村调查数据库项目”(编号:GQDC2020017)的研究成果。

摘　　要：耕地经营权流转和多种形式规模经营,是可持续发展农业现代化和保护农业生态环境功能的必由之路。耕地经营权流转打破小农户单打独斗局面形成资源整合效应,有助于农户扩大经营规模,实现规模化经营。适度规模内的耕地流转将对粮食生产生态效率产生正向推动作用,反之则会抑制粮食生产生态效率的提升。依托CRRS数据库中2066份粮食种植户样本数据,运用Tobit模型和门槛回归,实证分析耕地经营权流转对农户粮食生产生态效率的影响发现:样本农户粮食生产生态效率均值为0.1925,多数省份的农户粮食生产生态效率水平低于均值水平且省际差异明显;耕地经营权流转对农户粮食生产生态效率影响的区域异质性显著;耕地经营权流转对农户粮食生产生态效率存在显著的“N”型影响趋势。由此,政府应因地制宜制定补贴政策,积极优化农户生产模式;农业经营主体应适度流转耕地,共同构建科学种植、机械种植和绿色种植的农业种植新机制。The transfer of arable land management right and various forms of large-scale operation are the necessary way for sustainable agricultural modernization and continuous protection of the ecological functions of agriculture.The transfer of arable land management right breaks the situation of small farmers fighting alone to form a resource integration effect,which helps farmers to expand the scale of operation and realize large-scale operation.The transfer of arable land on an appropriate scale will have a positive effect on the ecological efficiency of food production,while the opposite will inhibit the improvement of the ecological efficiency of food production.Utilizing a sample dataset of 2066 grain farmers from the CRRS database,this study employs the super-efficiency SBM model to assess the eco-efficiency of grain production among these farmers.Furthermore,the study employs the Tobit model and threshold regression model to empirically examine the impact of the transfer of cultivated land management rights on the eco-efficiency of grain production of farm households.The key findings are as follows:(1)The average eco-efficiency of grain production for the sample farmers is 0.1925,with the majority of provinces exhibiting eco-efficiency of farm households levels below this average,revealing significant inter-provincial variations;(2)The effect of the transfer of cultivated land management rights on the eco-efficiency of grain production of farm households displays considerable regional heterogeneity;(3)The transfer of cultivated land management rights exhibits an"N-shaped"trend in its influence on the eco-efficiency of grain production of farm households.Consequently,it is proposed that the government should develop subsidy policies that are sensitive to local conditions,actively refine the production methods of farmers,and encourage a measured transfer of cultivated land by agricultural business entities,thereby collaboratively establishing a new agricultural planting system.

关 键 词：耕地经营权流转 农户粮食生产生态效率 超效率SBM模型 Tobit模型 

分 类 号：F326.11[经济管理—产业经济]