共同富裕背景下农村低收入群体多维识别与常态化帮扶的着力点分析  

The Analysis of the Focus Points of Multidimensional Identification and Normalized Assistance for Rural Low-income Groups in the Context of Common Prosperity

作　　者：罗良清[1] 黄斐 LUO Liangqing;HUANG Fei

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学统计与数据科学学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《农村经济》2025年第2期115-128,共14页Rural Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“全球要素收入分配核算与中国国力评估研究”(编号:23&ZD125);江西省研究生创新专项资金项目“共同富裕背景下农村低收入群体多维识别与常态化帮扶机制研究”(编号:YC2023-B180)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：低收入人群是促进共同富裕的重点帮扶保障人群。本文采用中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2014-2020年四期数据,结合模糊集理论对“收入导向型”A-F方法在指标临界值确定和权重设置方面进行改进,构建农村低收入群体关注指数,对农村低收入群体进行多维静态识别和动态追踪。从分类帮扶的视角将农村低收入群体分为三个组别,借助多元离散选择面板数据(MLogit)模型分析影响农村低收入群体不同组别形成的驱动因素。研究发现:第一,农村低收入群体关注指数能够实现对农村低收入群体的有效识别和动态追踪。其中建档立卡户得益于精准扶贫政策,关注指数的平均隶属份额较非建档立卡户在时间维度上下降更明显。第二,通过对农村低收入群体进行动态追踪,发现低收入群体中存在持久性低收入人群。第三,根据分类框架,农村低收入群体可分为脆弱低收入组、促增收低收入组和入中潜力低收入组三个组别,且不同组别之间由于特征差异需要采取不同的分类帮扶政策。基于上述分析,本文建议从多维视角对农村低收入群体开展识别和监测,并建立农村低收入群体分级体系。同时拓宽农村低收入群体收入来源渠道,发挥互联网信息优势,帮助其获得更多发展机会。The low-income population is the key target group for promoting common prosperity.This paper uses the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)2014-2020 data for four periods,and combines the theory of fuzzy sets to improve the"income-oriented"A-F method in terms of index critical value determination and weight setting.A rural low-income group attention index is constructed to identify and track the rural low-income group from a multi-dimensional static perspective.From the perspective of classified assistance,the rural low-income group is divided into three categories,and the driving factors affecting the formation of the different categories of rural low-income groups are analyzed using the multivariate discrete choice panel data(MLogit)model.The study finds that:first,the rural low-income group attention index can realize the effective identification and dynamic tracking of rural low-income groups.Among them,the beneficiaries of the precision poverty alleviation policy have a lower average membership degree in the time dimension than non-beneficiaries.Second,by dynamically tracking the rural low-income group,it is found that there are persistent low-income groups.Third,according to the classification framework,the rural low-income group can be divided into three categories:vulnerable low-income group,income-increasing low-income group,and potential low-income group in the middle.Different categories require different targeted assistance policies due to their feature differences.Based on the above analysis,this paper suggests that multi-dimensional identification and monitoring of rural low-income groups should be carried out,and a rural low-income group grading system should be established.At the same time,expand the income sources channels for low-income groups,leverage the information advantage of the Internet,and help them obtain more development opportunities.

关 键 词：低收入群体 多维识别 模糊集理论 常态化帮扶 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]