考古遗址公园与考古遗产利用国际比较研究  

A Comparative Study of Archaeological Site Parks and Heritage Utilization

作　　者：王刃馀 孙一秋 WANG Ren-yu;SUN Yi-qiu(Institute of Archaeology,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,100006;Management Committee of the Liangzhu Archaeological Site Management Area,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,310020)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所,北京100006 [2]杭州良渚遗址管理区管理委员会,浙江杭州310020

出　　处：《东南文化》2025年第1期6-14,共9页Southeast Culture

基　　金：国家社科基金资助课题“考古遗址公园建设与发展策略研究”(20BKG044)研究成果之一。

摘　　要：20世纪80年代以来,“考古公园”通过资源保护、展示复原和社会化利用,逐渐成为国际考古遗产实践的重要方式。在全球范围内,各国开展了多样化的理论与实践探索。中国在近十年的考古遗址公园建设中,展现了“从无到有”的历史物象建构特点,同时也体现出资源管理、展示复原、社会化管理等方面的不足。结合欧美地区以及澳大利亚、日本等国的经验,基金会模式、市场机制优化与多元需求协调是提升遗址可持续发展的有效路径。随着“国家遗产”向“社会遗产”转型的逐步推进,中国考古遗址公园正在探索适应本土需求的发展模式,努力为中国考古遗址公园的持续发展提供理论支持,为全球遗产管理提供借鉴经验。Since the 1980s,archaeological site parks have become a key strategy for preserving,showcasing,and utilizing archaeological heritage on a global scale.Countries worldwide have engaged in diverse theoretical explorations and practical applications.In China,archaeological site parks have been developed from the ground up,with significant efforts dedicated to constructing historical landscapes.However,significant challenges remain,particularly in resource management,restoration and presentation practices,and social engagement.Lessons from Europe,the United States,Australia,and Japan highlight effective strategies such as foundation-led governance models,the optimization of market mechanisms,and balancing diverse stakeholder needs to ensure the sustainable development of heritage sites.As perceptions of heritage in China shift from“national heritage”to“social heritage,”archaeological site parks are actively exploring localized development models.These efforts aim to establish a sustainable framework for China’s archaeological site parks while offering valuable insights for global heritage management practices.

关 键 词：考古遗址公园 考古遗产利用 国家公园 考古资源管理 跨国比较 

分 类 号：G112[文化科学]