江苏地区两周时期的农作物结构及其区域差异考察  

Crop Structure and Regional Differences in Agriculture During the Zhou Period in Jiangsu

作　　者：黄苑[1] 吴文婉 张华 Huang Yuan;Wu Wen-wan;Zhang Hua(Nanjing Museum,Nanjing,Jiangsu,210016;Jiangsu Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology,Nanjing,Jiangsu,210029;Changzhou Institute of Archaeology,Changzhou,Jiangsu,213000)

机构地区：[1]南京博物院,江苏南京210016 [2]江苏省文物考古研究院,江苏南京210029 [3]常州市考古研究所,江苏常州213000

出　　处：《东南文化》2025年第1期104-114,共11页Southeast Culture

基　　金：2020年度国家社科基金重大项目“兴化蒋庄遗址发掘资料整理与综合研究”(20&ZD252)子课题“蒋庄遗址生业经济与环境研究”;2023年山东大学环境与社会考古国际合作联合实验室开放课题“江淮东部史前生业经济的植物考古研究”(JoLnRLESA202305)资助。

摘　　要：农业生产是江苏地区两周时期社会经济的重要来源,农作物组合从商晚期的稻、粟、黍发展至西周时期的稻、粟、黍、小麦、大麦和大豆,其中粟和小麦两类旱地作物在部分聚落中都出现了强势发展的趋势。北部徐海地区两周时期存在着旱作农业和稻旱兼作两种模式,前者以庙台子遗址为代表,后者分别以东聂墩和万北遗址为代表,又可以进一步划分为以旱作为主和以稻作为主两种类型。南部宁镇地区两周时期聚落农业既有丁家村遗址以小麦为主体的稻旱兼作模式,也有延续传统稻作为主,兼顾粟类种植的孙家村遗址。江苏地区两周时期的农业既表现出同时期中国广大腹地稻旱兼作农业的共性,也表现出不同区域内聚落的鲜明个性。Agricultural production was a cornerstone of the socioeconomic system in Jiangsu during the Zhou period.The crop assemblage evolved from rice,millet,and broomcorn millet in the late Shang period to include rice,millet,broomcorn millet,wheat,barley,and soybeans by the Western Zhou period.Among these,millet and wheat,both dryland crops,exhibited significant growth in some settlements.In northern Jiangsu’s Xuhai region,two agricultural patterns coexisted during the Zhou period:dryland farming,as exemplified by the Miaotaizi Site,and a combined rice and dryland farming system,as seen at Dongniedun and Wanbei sites.These combined systems could be further categorized into rice-dominant and dryland crop-dominant types.In the southern Ningzhen region,Zhou-period settlements displayed diversity in agricultural practices,ranging from the wheat-dominant mixed system at Dingjiacun to the rice-dominant system,supplemented by millet cultivation,at Sunjiacun.The agricultural practices in Jiangsu during the Zhou period reflect both the shared characteristics of mixed rice-dryland farming prevalent in central China and the distinctive regional and settlement-level variations.

关 键 词：江苏地区 两周时期 农业 稻旱兼作 区域差异 

分 类 号：K871.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]