东周时期青铜小口鼎研究  

A Study of Bronze Narrow-Mouthed Tripods during the Eastern Zhou Period

作　　者：尚如春 SHANG Ru-chun(School of Archaeology and Cultural Heritage,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,Henan,450001)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学考古与文化遗产学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《东南文化》2025年第1期127-136,共10页Southeast Culture

摘　　要：东周时期青铜小口鼎最早兴起于春秋早中期的今安徽江淮和鲁南沂沭地区,以Aa型和Ba型为特色,属于群舒文化系统,与鲁南-江淮平盖鼎的流行存在一定关联。春秋晚期开始,与楚式盖鼎相结合形成Ab和Bb型小口鼎,由此纳入楚文化系统直至战国晚期。结合自铭、出土情境和形制分析,青铜小口鼎主要用作水器,但亦有部分作为食器。此类青铜鼎使用人群局限于大夫级以上中高级贵族,没有明确的性别和族属指向。小口鼎在墓葬中的出现提升了水器或鼎类食器在青铜礼器组合中的地位。东周时期青铜小口鼎及其发展历程是当时楚地与鲁南-江淮青铜文化之间密切往来的一个缩影。Bronze narrow-mouthed tripods first emerged in the early to mid-Spring and Autumn period in the Jianghuai and southern Shandong regions,characterized by types Aa and Ba.These vessels are linked to the Qunshu cultural system and the prevalence of flat-lidded tripods in these areas.By the late Spring and Autumn period,types Ab and Bb,influenced by Chu-style lidded tripods,were incorporated into the Chu cultural system,continuing through the late Warring States period.Analysis of inscriptions,burial contexts,and forms suggests that these tripods were mainly used as water vessels,though some also served as cooking implements.Their use was primarily limited to mid-to-high-ranking nobles,with no clear gender or ethnic distinctions.The appearance of narrow-mouthed tripods in tombs enhanced the status of water vessels or tripod cooking implements in bronze ritual sets.The development of bronze narrow-mouthed tripods reflects the close cultural exchanges between the Chu state and the Jianghuai-southern Shandong bronze traditions during the Eastern Zhou period.

关 键 词：东周时期 青铜小口鼎 时空流变 功用 使用人群 

分 类 号：K871.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]