含铁矿物药赭石和禹余粮的矿物学研究  

Mineralogical studies on iron-containing mineral medicines,Haematitum and Limonitum

作　　者：卢闵 王晓飞 王程程 陈敬旭 朱航洁 李娟 曹艳 LU Min;WANG Xiao-fei;WANG Cheng-cheng;CHEN Jing-xu;ZHU Hang-jie;LI Juan;CAO Yan(School of Pharmacy,Hubei University of Chinese Medicine,Wuhan 430065,China;Hubei Shizhen Laboratory,Wuhan 430061,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北中医药大学药学院,湖北武汉430065 [2]湖北时珍实验室,湖北武汉430061

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2025年第5期1179-1186,共8页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：湖北省科技厅重点项目(2023AFD119)。

摘　　要：赭石和禹余粮是2020年版《中国药典》收录的2种含铁矿物药,其主要成分相似,性味、归经和临床用途存在较大差异。该研究考察赭石和禹余粮的表面特性、矿物组成、矿物解离度、元素组成和铁离子赋存状态,比较两者矿物学特性的区别。利用扫描电镜、比表面积及孔隙度分析仪、X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱仪、矿物自动定量分析系统对赭石和禹余粮进行矿物学解析。结果显示,赭石表面棱角分明,具有颗粒状附着物,比表面积为17.04 m^(2)·g^(-1);禹余粮表面光滑平整,具有束状针晶结构,比表面积为46.29 m^(2)·g^(-1)。赭石由31种可检测矿物组成,含有18种元素,主要元素铁(44.5%的Fe^(2+)和55.5%的Fe^(3+))分布在赤铁矿、铁氧化物、锰铁橄榄石、菱铁矿、镁铁矿等17种矿物中;禹余粮由32种可检测矿物组成,含有17种元素,主要元素铁(14.5%的Fe^(2+)和85.5%的Fe^(3+))分布在褐铁矿、铁氧化物、绿泥石、锰铁橄榄石等19种矿物中。综上所述,赭石和禹余粮的元素组成并无较大差异,但矿物组成和铁元素赋存状态存在较大差异。禹余粮比表面积大,吸附能力强可能是其止泻作用机制之一。赭石和禹余粮中含有的Fe_(2)O_(3)和伊利石可能是其发挥止血作用的关键性物质。矿物学差异有望为解释矿物药科学内涵提供参考,为其作用机制研究奠定物质基础。Haematitum and Limonitum are two iron-containing mineral medicines included in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.They have similar main components and major differences in their property,flavor,channel tropism,and clinical uses.In this study,we investigated the surface properties,mineral composition,mineral dissociation,elemental composition,and iron state of Haematitum and Limonitum to explore their mineralogical differences.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),specific surface and porosity analyzer,X-ray diffractometer(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectrometer(XPS),and advanced mineral identification and characterization system(AMICS)were used to analyze the mineralogy of Haematitum and Limonitum.The results showed that Haematitum had an angular surface with granular attachments and a specific surface area of 17.04 m^(2)·g^(-1).In comparison,Limonitum had a smooth and flat surface with a bundled acicular crystal structure and a specific surface area of 46.29 m^(2)·g^(-1).Haematitum consists of 31 detectable minerals containing 18 elements,with the major element,iron(44.5%Fe^(2+)and 55.5%Fe^(3+))distributed in 17 minerals,including hematite,iron oxide,knebelite,siderite,and magnesioferrite.Limonitum consists of 32 detectable minerals containing 17 elements,with the major element,iron(14.5%Fe^(2+)and 85.5%Fe^(3+))distributed in 19 minerals,including limonite,iron oxide,chlorite,and knebelite.In summary,the elemental composition of Haematitum and Limonitum does not differ greatly,but there are large differences in the mineral composition and iron state.The large specific surface area and strong adsorption capacity of Limonitum may be one of the mechanisms of its anti-diarrheal action.The Fe_(2)O_(3) and illite contained in Haematitum and Limonitum may be the key substances for their hemostasis effects.The mineralogical differences are expected to provide a reference for explaining the scientific connotation of mineral medicine and laying a material foundation for studying its mechanism of action.

关 键 词：赭石 禹余粮 含铁矿物药 矿物学 矿物自动定量分析系统 

分 类 号：R282.5[医药卫生—中药学]