专利公开制度的技术信息传播功能检视及其实现  

Review and implementation of the technology information dissemination function of the patent disclosure system

作　　者：代志在 朱雪忠 DAI Zhi-zai;ZHU Xue-zhong(Law School,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610000,China;Shanghai International College of Intellectual Property,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学法学院,四川成都610000 [2]同济大学上海国际知识产权学院,上海200092

出　　处：《科学学研究》2025年第4期856-863,共8页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA102)。

摘　　要：促进技术信息传播是专利制度支撑全面创新的重要路径。近年来,学界对于专利公开制度是否充分实现了其技术信息传播功能的问题产生了激烈争论。来自社会科学领域的多重经验证据表明,专利公开制度未能充分实现预期的技术信息传播功能。造成该现象的主要原因在于,关于“付诸实践”和“预言性”实施例的专利申请规则不够完善;专利审查体系缺少保障信息公开质量的资源、机制与能力;专利公开文本的表达范式与常规技术信息文献严重脱节。为了更好地实现专利公开制度的技术信息传播功能,落实《专利法》第26条第3款关于说明书充分公开的法定要求,应进一步完善专利法关于“付诸实践”及“预言性”实施例的相关规范;创新并优化现有专利审查体制机制;按照便利研发人员阅读的方式规范专利说明书的表达和信息组织范式。Promoting the dissemination of technical information is an important pathway for the patent system to support comprehensive innovation.In recent years,there has been intense debate in academia about whether the patent disclosure system has fully realized the function of disseminating technical information.Multiple empirical evidence from the field of social sciences shows that the patent disclosure system has not fully realized the expected function of technology information dissemination.The main reasons for this phenomenon are:first,the existing application rules for"reduction to practice"requirement and prophetic examples are not perfect.Second,the existing review system lacks resources and capabilities to ensure the quality of information disclosure;third,the expression paradigm of existing patent disclosure texts is seriously disconnected from conventional technical information literature.To better realize the function of the patent disclosure system,it is necessary to further improve the application rules related to"reduction to practice"and prophetic examples;innovate and optimize the patent examination system;and standardize the expression and information organization paradigm of specifications in a way that facilitates reading by R&D personnel.

关 键 词：专利公开 技术信息 制度功能 专利审查 表达范式 

分 类 号：C306.3[社会学] D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]