基于光滑粒子流体动力学法的流固共轭自然对流传热数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of fluid-solid conjugate natural convection heat transfer based on SPH method

作　　者：吕宏强[1] 唐天成 包晨宇 LYU Hongqiang;TANG Tiancheng;BAO Chenyu(College of Aerospace Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学航空学院,南京210016

出　　处：《航空学报》2025年第5期152-168,共17页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12472236)。

摘　　要：在实际工程中广泛存在共轭传热问题,传统的有限差分法、有限体积法已被普遍应用于这类问题的求解。光滑粒子流体动力学法(SPH)作为一种无网格粒子法,具有自适应性强、适合分析复杂结构、灵活性高等优点,已在船舶设计、地质灾害模拟等领域得到了广泛应用并迅速发展。目前,SPH方法在共轭传热问题中有部分应用,但是对于实际工程中涉及不同功能材料的传热模拟,例如对传热元件与发热元件的模拟,目前研究较少。因此,采用SPH方法对流固共轭传热问题进行了数值模拟。首先,模拟传统的密闭方形腔内自然对流与水平环对流算例。随后,重点对含有传热块和发热块的自然对流算例进行了模拟,结果与传统方法高度吻合,证明了SPH算法在模拟不同功能材料的共轭传热问题时具有适应性、准确性。最后,模拟了含翅片结构的散热器,分析了传热比与发热比等参数对散热效果的影响,验证了SPH方法在处理复杂算例时具有显著的适应性和灵活性,为后续复杂工程问题的求解提供了理论依据和实践支持。Conjugate heat transfer problems are widespread in practical engineering.Traditional methods such as the Finite Difference Method(FDM)and the Finite Volume Method(FVM)have been widely applied to solve these prob⁃lems.The Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH)method,a meshless particle method,offers advantages such as strong adaptability,suitability for analyzing complex structures,and high flexibility.Therefore,this method has seen extensive application and rapid development in fields such as ship design and geological disaster simulation.How⁃ever,although there have been some applications of the SPH method in conjugate heat transfer problems,there is currently limited research on simulating heat transfer in actual engineering scenarios involving different functional mate⁃rials,such as the simulation of heat transfer and heat-generating components.In view of this,we conduct numerical simulations of fluid-solid conjugate heat transfer using the SPH method.First,traditional test cases of natural convec⁃tion in a closed square cavity and horizontal annular convection are simulated.Then,the focus shifts to simulating natural convection cases involving heat transfer blocks and heat-generating blocks.The results show a high degree of agreement with traditional methods,demonstrating the adaptability and accuracy of the SPH algorithm in simulating conjugate heat transfer problems involving different functional materials.Finally,the simulation of a heat sink with fin structures is carried out,analyzing the impact of parameters such as the heat transfer ratio and heat generation ratio on the cooling performance.These results verify the significant adaptability and flexibility of the SPH method in han⁃dling complex cases,providing theoretical support and practical guidance for solving complex engineering problems in the future.

关 键 词：数值模拟 共轭传热 光滑粒子流体动力学法 自然对流 翅片结构 

分 类 号：V211[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]