2016—2021年长沙市0~19岁儿童青少年伤害死亡水平及变化趋势  

Levels and changing trends of injury-caused deaths among children and adolescents aged 0-19 years in Changsha City,2016-2021

作　　者：黄霜[1] 徐明忠[1] 胡劲松[1] 黄渊秀[1] 张林 HUANG Shuang;XU Mingzhong;HU Jinsong;HUANG Yuanxiu;ZHANG Lin(Changsha Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha,Hunan 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙市疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2025年第2期176-180,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：长沙市卫生健康委科研课题(KJ-B2023100)。

摘　　要：目的评价2016—2021年长沙市0~19岁儿童青少年人群伤害死亡情况。方法资料来源于常规死因监测资料,采用SPSS 21.0统计软件对伤害死亡特征进行描述性分析。同时应用Joinpoint 4.9软件对主要伤害死因的死亡率时间变化趋势进行分析比较。结果2016—2021年长沙市儿童青少年报告伤害死亡1208例,年均粗死亡率为12.29/10万,年均标化死亡率为12.62/10万。男性高于女性(χ^(2)=98.664,P<0.001)。伤害死亡率总体上呈现逐年下降的趋势(APC=-7.113%,t=-5.736,P=0.005)。伤害死因前3位为溺水、交通事故、意外跌落。不同年龄组伤害首位死因不同,0岁组为意外机械性窒息,1~4岁为溺水;5~9岁为交通事故;10~14岁为溺水;15~19岁为交通事故。结论2016—2021年长沙市儿童青少年总体伤害死亡呈现下降趋势,有明显性别差异,溺水和交通事故是长沙市儿童青少年的主要伤害死因,应根据不同人群的伤害类型采取相应的干预措施。Objective To evaluate the status of injury-induced deaths among children and adolescents aged 0-19 years in Changsha City from 2016 to 2021.Methods The data were sourced from the routine cause of death surveillance data.SPSS 21.0 software was used to descriptively analyze the characteristics of injury-induced deaths.At the same time,Joinpoint Regression Program 4.9 was applied to comparing and analyzing the changing trend in the mortalities for major causes of injury-induced deaths in different years.Results A total of 1,208 injury-induced death cases were reported among children and adolescents in Changsha City in 2016-2021.The average annual crude death rate and the average annual age-standardized death rate were 12.29/100,000 and 12.62/100,000 respectively,and the rates were both higher in males than in females(χ^(2)=98.664,P<0.001).Overall,the mortalities of injuries showed a decreasing trend year by year(APC=-7.113%,t=-5.736,P=0.005).The top three death causes of injuries were drowning,traffic accident and accidental fall.The primary cause of death for injuries varied among different age groups,with accidental mechanical asphyxia in the group aged 0-1 year,drowning in the groups aged 1-4 and 10-14 years,and traffic accident in the groups aged 5-9 and 15-19 years.Conclusion The overall injury-induced deaths among the children and adolescents in Changsha City during 2016-2021 showed a downward trend,with significant gender differences.Drowning and traffic accident are the main causes of injury-induced deaths among the children and adolescents in Changsha City.And corresponding intervention measures should be taken according to the injury types of different populations.

关 键 词：儿童青少年 伤害 死亡率 溺水 交通事故 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]