粤港澳大湾区高等教育资源空间分布均衡性及影响因素研究  

Research of the Equilibrium of Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors of Higher Education Resources in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

作　　者：吴大放[1] 蓝婉倩 何尹杰 许国洋 张秋林 张灿嘉 刘乾进 陈若琳 WU Dafang;LAN Wanqian;HE Yinjie;XU Guoyang;ZHANG Qiulin;ZHANG Canjia;LIU Qianjin;CHEN Ruolin(School of Geography and Remote Sensing,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Shenzhen Research Institute,The Chinese University of Hong Kong,Shenzhen 518057,China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学地理科学与遥感学院,广州510006 [2]香港中文大学深圳研究院,深圳518057

出　　处：《华南地理学报》2024年第2期1-10,共10页South China Geographical Journal

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3903704);2022年度广州市高等教育教学质量与教学改革工程教学团队项目(2022JXTD001);2022年广州市教育局高校科研项目(202235269);2023年教育教学研究和改革项目(WGKM2023139);2023年度广东省本科高校教学质量与教学改革工程项目(269);2024年广州大学产教融合教学改革建设项目(24CJRH13);2024年广州市高校科产教融合实践教学基地项目(2024KCJJD002);2023年度广州市质量工程建设项目(2023KCSZ004)

摘　　要：高等教育资源的空间分布和配置直接关系到地区的创新能力和竞争力。粤港澳大湾区作为中国最具活力的经济区域,高等教育资源的合理布局对支撑其进阶成为世界一流湾区至关重要。文章基于地理空间视角,总结国内外的研究和不足,遵循“资源格局分布及影响机制”的路径,采用GINI系数和地理探测器分析方法,对粤港澳大湾区的高等教育资源空间分布均衡性及影响因素进行分析。研究发现:(1)粤港澳大湾区的高等教育资源的空间分布具有明显的不平衡性,其中广州和深圳尤为明显;(2)粤港澳大湾区的高等教育资源空间分布与城市中小学在校生数量、城市人均GDP、城市人口数量和城市教育支出等因子高度相关,特别是受中小学在校生数量的影响非常大,说明高等教育受基础教育影响较大;(3)在交互因子探测中,城市中小学在校生数量,在与经济、教育、就业和社会人口结构等因子相互作用时会达到较大的非线性增强作用。粤港澳大湾区教育资源空间结构在未来会以香港地区、澳门地区、广州和深圳为核心,珠海、东莞、佛山等7所城市为外围的地理空间圈层结构,辐射带动周边区域的发展。研究有助于理解大湾区高等教育资源空间结构均衡性的具体差距,也有益于对高等教育资源合理配置和政策的倾斜。The spatial distribution and allocation of higher education resources are directly related to the region's innovation ability and competitiveness.As China's most dynamic economic region,rational layout of higher education resources of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is crucial to support its advancement into a worldclass bay area.Based on the perspective of geographic space,this study summarizes the shortcomings of domestic and foreign research,follows the path of"resource pattern distribution and influencing mechanism",and uses the GINI coefficient and geographic detector analysis method to analyze the spatial distribution balance and influencing factors of higher education resources in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.The research shows:(1)The spatial distribution of higher education resources in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is obviously unbalanced,among which Guangzhou and Shenzhen are obviously unbalanced relative to population and economic distribution.(2)The spatial distribution of higher education resources in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is highly correlated with factors such as the number of urban primary and secondary school students,urban per capita GDP,urban population and urban education expenditure.In particular,it is greatly affected by the number of primary and secondary school students,indicating that higher education is greatly affected by basic education.(3)In the interactive factor detection,the number of urban primary and secondary school students combined with other factors will achieve a large nonlinear enhancement effect.It is expected that the spatial structure of educational resources in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area will form a geographical spatial circle structure with four core cities of Hong Kong region,Macao region,Guangzhou and Shenzhen,and other cities such as Zhuhai,Dongguan and Foshan as the periphery in the future,radiating and driving the development of surrounding areas.The research helps to und

关 键 词：高等教育资源 空间布局 GINI系数 地理探测器 粤港澳大湾区 

分 类 号：K901.2[历史地理—人文地理学]