《云落》:现实主义的理智与哀矜  

Yunluo:A Realistic Reason and Mourning

作　　者：姜肖 Jiang Xiao

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学文学院,北京100875

出　　处：《中国文学批评》2025年第2期45-51,M0004,共8页Chinese Journal of Literary Criticism

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大专项一般项目“中国小说叙事传统的当代传承”(2024JZDZ050)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《云落》的历史坐标是改革开放,张楚以同时代人的感觉经验写出了众生万象的心灵史。万樱是张楚小说的元叙事,她作为哲学层面的“真实”象征,内含着同情的理解方法和恒定的时间体验,成为反思现代性经验的创伤性存在。与之相应,小说铺陈出日常生活的消费秩序和欲望审美化,勾勒出世俗时代的倦怠和羞耻。而在一个加速时代里怀旧是小说内在于改革年代情感结构的必然选择,不过身世之谜也造成了旧日的裂隙。三个代际的人物携带着精神原乡在变动的时代里浮沉和寻根,最终发现解释从何而来固然重要,但思索该以何种心态、向何处去更是我们面向未来的题中之义。《云落》的小说诗学糅合了存在主义哲学的诗性经验和现实主义的认识论,这既是当代叙事的历史性修辞,也意味着小说家正在重建内部经验与外部世界互为关联的诗学世界。The historical background of Zhang Chu's novel Yunluo is reform and opening up.In the novel,Zhang Chu writes about the history of the mind with the sensual experience of his contemporaries.Wan Ying is the meta-narrative device of the novel.As a philosophical symbol of reality,she embodies a sympathetic method of understanding and a constant experience of time,and becomes a traumatic presence for reflecting on the experience of modernity.Accordingly,the novel depicts the consumerist order of everyday life and the aestheticization of desire,outlining the weariness and shame of a secular age.In an accelerated age,nostalgia is an inevitable choice for the novel to be embedded in the emotional structure of the reform era,but the mysteries of the characters'births also create a rift between the old and the new.Characters from three generations of the forty years carry their spiritual origins with them as they float and search for their roots in the changing times,ultimately realizing that while it is important to explain where they came from,it is even more important for us to think about what kind of mentality we should have and where we should go in order to look forward to the future.The poetics of the novel combines the poetic experience of existentialist philosophy and the epistemology of realism,which is not only the historical rhetoric of contemporary narration,but also implies that the author reconstructs a poetic world in which the inner experience and the outer world are connected.

关 键 词：《云落》 张楚 现实主义 内在经验 抒情主体 

分 类 号：I207.42[文学—中国文学]