基于代谢组学和质谱成像技术研究高温处理前后西洋参中关键皂苷成分的变化  

Changes of key saponin components in Panacis Quinquefolii Radix before and after high-temperature treatment based on metabolomics and mass spectrometry imaging techniques

作　　者：李梦娇 毕成浩 张梦悦 李遇伯[3] 邓志鹏 韩利文 仲浩 LI Mengjiao;BI Chenghao;ZHANG Mengyue;LI Yubo;DENG Zhipeng;HAN Liwen;ZHONG Hao(Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center,Shandong First Medical University,Jinan 250117,China;School of Pharmacy,Shandong First Medical University(Institute of Pharmaceutical Research),Jinan 250117,China;School of Chinese Materia Medica,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617,China;School of Pharmacy,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学医学科技创新中心,山东济南250117 [2]山东第一医科大学药学院(药物研究所),山东济南250117 [3]天津中医药大学中药学院,天津301617 [4]山东中医药大学药学院,山东济南250355

出　　处：《中草药》2025年第6期1916-1925,共10页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：山东省中医药高层次人才培育项目(2023);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR202211080026);山东第一医科大学学术提升计划(2019LJ003)。

摘　　要：目的通过中药代谢组学以及解析电离喷雾质谱成像技术(desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging,DESI-MSI)系统分析高温处理前后西洋参的化学成分差异。方法基于UPLC-QTOF-MS技术的植物代谢组学方法,结合多元统计分析,对高温处理前后西洋参的化学成分进行非靶向解析。利用LC-QQQ-MS多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring,MRM)技术对发现的关键皂苷进行准确定量。最后,采用DESI-MSI技术分析西洋参组织经过高温处理前后主要人参皂苷的空间分布迁移变化情况。结果人参皂苷Rb_(1)、Rd、Rg_(2)、Rg_(3)和西洋参皂苷R_(1)共5种人参皂苷在高温处理前后出现显著变化,采用三重四级杆的定量方法证实了5种成分在高温处理后含量均显著增加(P<0.05)。进一步的DESI-MSI结果表明西洋参在高温处理后,其组织中人参皂苷Rd与Rb_(1)由表层向形成层、髓质部和木质部明显迁移富集;西洋参皂苷R_(1)则由韧皮部和形成层向外侧表皮层富集;人参皂苷Rg_(2)和Rg_(3)主要分布于木栓层及韧皮部。结论高温处理前后西洋参皂苷成分差异明显,研究结果为西洋参高温处理过程对关键人参皂苷的影响提供了定性、定量及空间分布的证据,为西洋参科学加工和利用提供了科学依据。Objective The chemical composition differences in Panacis Quinquefolii Radix before and after high-temperature treatment were examined using metabolomics of traditional Chinese medicine and desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging(DESI-MSI).Methods A plant metabolomics method based on UPLC-QTOF-MS technology combined with multivariate statistical analysis was employed to perform non-target screening and identification of the chemical components of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix before and after high-temperature treatment.Using LC-QQQ-MS with multiple reaction monitoring(MRM),accurately quantification of key saponins was enabled.Finally,DESI-MSI technology was applied to investigate the spatial distribution and migration of the main ginsenosides in Panacis Quinquefolii Radix tissue before and after high-temperature treatment.Results A total of five ginsenosides,ginsenosides Rb_(1),Rd,Rg_(2),Rg_(3) and quinquenoside R_(1),showed significant changes before and after hightemperature treatment.The quantitative results also confirmed that the contents of all five ginsenosides increased significantly(P<0.05)after high-temperature treatment.Further DESI-MSI analysis revealed that after high-temperature treatment,ginsenosides Rd and Rb_(1) in the tissues of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix were significantly redistributed,migrating from the epidermal layer to the formation layer,medulla,and xylem;the quinquenoside R_(1) was enriched from the ligamentous and formation layer to the outer epidermis;while ginsenosides Rg_(2) and Rg_(3) were mainly distributed in the cork layer and ligamentous layer.Conclusion The variations in the composition of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix saponins before and after high-temperature treatment were evident.The results of this study provided qualitative,quantitative and spatial distribution evidence for the effects of the high-temperature treatment process of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix on the key ginsenosides,and offered a scientific basis for the scientific processing and utilization o

关 键 词：西洋参 人参皂苷 高温处理 代谢组学 质谱成像 人参皂苷Rb_(1) 人参皂苷RD 人参皂苷Rg_(2) 人参皂苷Rg_(3) 西洋参皂苷R_(1) 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]