江苏如东近岸海域沉积物重金属污染特征与来源研究  

Characteristics and source analysis of heavy metals pollution in sediments of Rudong coastal zone in Jiangsu Province

作　　者：邓晓茜 毛龙江 彭模 廖晨峰 周超凡 王婷 Deng Xiaoqian;Mao Longjiang;Peng Mo;Liao Chenfeng;Zhou Chaofan;Wang Ting(School of Marine Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,Jiangsu,P.R.China;Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center,Nanjing 210019,Jiangsu,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学海洋科学学院,江苏南京210044 [2]江苏省环境监测中心,江苏南京210019

出　　处：《湿地科学》2025年第1期48-58,共11页Wetland Science

基　　金：江苏省生态环境厅招标项目(JSZC-320000-JSSJ-G2022-0007);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX23_1324)资助。

摘　　要：为了掌握不同年份江苏如东近岸海域沉积物重金属污染情况和来源结构的变化,于2011年和2018年,在江苏如东近岸海域采集表层沉积物,测定沉积物中7种重金属元素(Cu、Pb、Cd、Zn、Cr、Hg和As)的含量,评价其污染程度并分析重金属来源。研究结果表明,2011年沉积物中Cd、Hg和As含量较高,2018年Hg、Pb和Cd含量较高。除As元素外,2018年沉积物中的重金属含量均高于2011年。2011年,江苏如东近岸海域沉积物中重金属污染程度为轻度–中度污染,其中Cd和As污染最严重;2018年,重金属污染程度为轻度–重度污染,其中Hg和Cd污染最严重。2011年,沉积物中Cu、Pb、Cd、Zn和Cr元素的来源为自然、陆港交通排放与工业废水排放的混合源(62.41%),Hg和As主要受石化工业活动和农渔业活动共同影响(37.59%);2018年,沉积物中Cu、Pb和Cr的来源为自然和陆港交通排放的混合源(44.83%),Cd和Hg主要源于工业废水排放(31.03%),Zn和As受石化工业活动和农渔业活动共同影响(24.14%)。重金属含量及其来源贡献率的变化与产业结构变化相关,第一产业中农渔业活动中产业模式的绿色转型导致As污染降低和对重金属来源的贡献率降低,第二产业中工业能源消耗的增加和第三产业中交通活动的频繁导致其它重金属元素污染程度升高。In order to understand the variations in heavy metals pollution levels and source structures in surface sediments of Rudong coastal zone,Jiangsu Province,over different years,surface sediments were collected in 2011 and 2018.The concentrations of seven heavy metals(Cu,Pb,Cd,Zn,Cr,Hg,and As)were measured to assess pollution levels and identify their sources.The results showed that Cd,Hg,and As exhibited relatively high concentrations in 2011,while Hg,Pb,and Cd concentrations were more prominent in 2018.Except for As,the concentrations of heavy metals in 2018 were higher than those in 2011.In 2011,the heavy metal pollution levels in the sediments ranged from mild to moderate,with Cd and As being the most significant pollutants.In 2018,the pollution levels ranged from mild to severe,with Hg and Cd as the dominant pollutants.The sources of Cu,Pb,Cd,Zn,and Cr in 2011 were identified as a mixed contribution from natural sources,land-port traffic emissions,and industrial wastewater discharge(62.41%),while Hg and As were mainly influenced by petrochemical industrial activities and agricultural and fishery practices(37.59%).In 2018,Cu,Pb,and Cr were primarily attributed to a combination of natural sources and land-port traffic emissions(44.83%),Cd and Hg were mainly derived from industrial wastewater discharge(31.03%),and Zn and As were influenced by petrochemical industrial activities and agricultural and fishery activities(24.14%).The variations in heavy metal concentrations and their source contributions were closely linked to changes in the industrial structure.The green transformation of agricultural and fishery activities in primary industries have led to a reduction in As pollution and its source contribution.Meanwhile,the increased energy consumption in secondary industries and the intensification of transportation activities in tertiary industries have contributed to the heightened pollution levels of most heavy metals.

关 键 词：重金属 沉积物 污染特征 来源解析 江苏如东近岸海域 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]